ELEC3230 Notes - Switching Electronics

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ELEC3230 Notes - Switching Electronics
R.E. Betz
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
University of Newcastle, Australia.

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Preface
The notes in this document are for a course in the School of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Science at the University of Newcastle, Australia. This
course covers a number of topics that can be broadly grouped under the title of
“switching electronics”. Electronic switching is the unifying factor that provides
the theme for the course. The notes were written because the subject material
covers such diverse areas as digital logic switching families, switched transmission
lines and printed circuit boards, switch mode power supplies (SMPSs), and
(to a lesser degree) converters. No single text book covers such material.
The general approach of the course is to emphasise the practical aspects of
switching and how design has to be changed to account for its effects. The
theory behind many of these ideas is presented in detail in the appendices. This
is particularly true in relation to switching in digital systems with transmission
lines.
The structure of the course is as follows. The first part will consider a variety
of issues related to switching in digital systems. This will include a review of
logic families and interfacing of different logic families. Then issues related to
interfacing logic components on a printed circuit board will be considered. This
will include noise issues, transmission line effects, terminations, cross coupling,
printed circuit board layout, decoupling issues.
The second section of the course will look at switch mode power supplies in
their various forms. The main structures for switch mode power supplies will be
considered. Again practical issues will be emphasised. Design of the magnetics
for switching supplies will be considered, as well as some control issues. The
control issues are only briefly considered due to the lack of background of some
students doing the course.
The final part of the course considers high powered converter and inverter
topologies. At this stage there is only an introduction to high power switching
devices, and a brief look at naturally commutate converters, mostly single
phase. Eventually there will be a reasonable treatment of three phase naturally
converters and forced commutated inverters (using thyristors as well as transistors).

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Contents

I Digital Systems 1
1 Logic Families 2
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Review of Logic Family Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Issues in TTL–CMOS Interfacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2 Introduction to Digital Switching 16
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.2 Relevant Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Propagation, Time and Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.4 Lumped Versus Distributed Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.5 Four Kinds of Reactance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6 Speed of Digital Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

3 Point-to-Point Wiring and Transmission Lines 73
3.1 Shortcomings of Point-to-Point Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
3.2 Uniform Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.3 Modelling of Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
3.4 Some Practical Effects in Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . 83
3.5 Termination of Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

4 Ground Planes and other Printed Circuit Board Issues 108
4.1 Power Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
4.2 Crosstalk Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

II Switched Mode Power Supplies 125
5 Fundamental Topologies 126
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5.2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5.3 Taxonomy of Switch Mode Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
5.4 Basic Analysis of Switch Mode Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

6 Switch Mode Power Supplies 178
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
6.2 Isolated Converter Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
6.3 Introduction to Control Techniques for Switching Power Supplies 199

7 Introduction to Practical Design of Switch Mode Power Supplies 218
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
7.2 Component Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
7.3 Introduction to Magnetics Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

III Line Commutated Converters and High Power Inverters 269
8 Introduction to High Power Converter Technology 270
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
8.2 Review of Power Semiconductor Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

9 Line Frequency Uncontrolled Rectifiers 299
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
9.2 Some Mathematical Preliminaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
9.3 The HalfWave Rectifier Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
9.4 The Concept of Current Commutation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
9.5 Practical Uncontrolled Single Phase Rectifiers . . . . . . . . . . . 317
9.6 Three Phase, Full Bridge Rectifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332

10 Introduction to Other Power Electronic Devices and Applications 335
10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
10.2 Inverters and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
10.3 Multilevel Converters and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
10.4 Matrix Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

IV Appendices 353
Bibliography 437

[ 本帖最后由 megafit 于 2007-2-12 10:44 编辑 ]

fokman1

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xiwang

thanks

nikka

Thanks is it the textbook?

arsin

thank you~

arsin

thank you

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