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发表于 2010-9-1 21:12:42
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Abstract — Crystal-controlled oscillators exhibit excellent freqnency stability due to the intrinsic high-quality factor of the resonator. If voltagecontrolled oscillators (VCO’S) can be realiied rising crystal oscillators, precise free-running frequency can be obtained. However, tuning the frequency of crystaf oscillators requires a large variable capacitance which is difficult to realize in standard CMOS technology. A novel circuit technique is developed in this paper to simulate large variable capacitance of both positive and negative polarities over a given frequency range. The simulated capacitance can be varied by voltage control from – 60 to + 100 pF. The capacitor simulating circuit is connected in paraflel with a resonator to tune its parallel resonance. An oscillator with grounded resonator is also developed. Together with the variable capacitor, a voltage-controlled crystaf oscillator (VCXO) is realized. The oscillation frequency of the oscillator can be varied + 1 percent by voltage control. Detailed anatyses are presented to completely characterize the oscillator with simple expressions. The prototype of the VCXO has been fabricated in a 4- pm standard CMOS process. |
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