Radio Frequency Transistors

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Radio Frequency Transistors
Principles and Practical Applications
Second Edition
Norman Dye
Helge Granberg
Boston Oxford Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi
45Short
46Reg

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part2

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part3

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part4

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CONTENTS
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
CHAPTER 1 Understanding RF Data Sheet Parameters 1
Introduction 1
D.C. Specifications 1
Maximum Ratings and Thermal Characteristics 5
Power Transistors: Functional Characteristics 9
Low Power Transistors: Functional Characteristics 14
Linear Modules: Functional Characteristics 18
Power Modules: Functional Characteristics 26
Data Sheets of the Future 30
CHAPTER 2 RF Transistor Fundamentals 31
What’s Different About RF Transistors? 31
Transistor Characteristics in Specific Applications 32
Bandwidth Considerations in Selecting Transistors 34
MOSFETs Versus Bipolars in Selecting a Transistor 38
Other Factors in RF Power Transistor Selection 38
CHAPTER 3 FETs and BJTs: Comparison of Parameters
and Circuitry 43
Types of Transistors 43
Comparing the Parameters 44
Circuit Configurations 48
Common Emitter and Common Source 50
Common Base and Common Gate 52
Common Collector and Common Drain 54
CHAPTER 4 Other Factors Affecting Amplifier Design 57
Classes of Operation 57
Forms of Modulation 60
Biasing to Linear Operation 64
Operating Transistors in a Pulse Mode 72
CHAPTER 5 Reliability Considerations 75
Die Temperature and Its Effect on Reliability 75
Other Reliability Considerations 81
CHAPTER 6 Construction Techniques 87
Types of Packages 87
The Emitter/Source Inductance 93
Laying Out a Circuit Board 97
Tips for Systematic PC Layout Design 102
Mounting RF Devices 103
RF Modules 109
CHAPTER 7 Power Amplifier Design 113
Single-Ended, Parallel, or Push-Pull 113
Single-Ended RF Amplifier Designs: Lumped Circuit Realization 113
Distributed Circuit Realization 114
Quasi-Lumped Element Realization 116
Parallel Transistor Amplifiers: Bipolar Transistors 117
MOSFETs 119
Push-Pull Amplifiers 120
Impedances and Matching Networks 123
Interstage Impedance Matching 127
A Practical Design Example of a Single Stage 129
Component Considerations 130
Capacitors at Radio Frequencies 132
The First Matching Element: A Shunt C 133
The Input Impedance of a High Power RF Transistor 134
Modeling Capacitors at Low Impedances 135
Inductors 136
Stability Considerations 137
CHAPTER 8 Computer-Aided Design Programs 147
General 147
Inside Motorola’s Impedance Matching Program 151
MIMP Description 154
Smith Charts and MIMP 157
CHAPTER 9 After the Power Amplifier 161
VSWR Protection of Solid State Amplifiers 161
Testing the Circuit 165
Output Filtering 168
Types of Low Pass Filters 170
The Design Procedure 172
The Components 174
CHAPTER 10 Wideband Impedance Matching 179
Introduction to Wideband Circuits 179
Conventional Transformers 182
Twisted Wire Transformers 186
Transmission Line Transformers 190
Equal Delay Transmission Line Transformers 193
CHAPTER 11 Power Splitting and Combining 197
Introduction 197
Basic Types of Power Combiners 198
In-Phase and 180° Combiners 199
90° Hybrids 202
Line Hybrids 203
Ring Hybrids 204
Branch Line Couplers 206
Wilkinson Couplers 208
CHAPTER 12 Frequency Compensation and
Negative Feedback 211
Frequency Compensation 211
Negative Feedback 213
CHAPTER 13 Small Signal Amplifier Design 219
Scattering Parameters 219
Noise Parameters 220
Biasing Considerations 221
Power Gain 224
Stability 229
Summary of Gain/Noise Figure Design Procedures 233
Actual Steps in Low Power Amplifier Design 234
Determining Desired Values of Source and Load Impedances 235
Circuit Realization 243
CHAPTER 14 LDMOS RF Power Transistors and
Their Applications 259
by Prasanth Perugupalli, Larry Leighton, Jan Johansson,
and Qiang Chen
Introduction 259
LDMOSFET Versus Vertical MOSFET 260
Device Design 261
LDMOS Characteristics 264
LDMOS Transistors for RF Power Applications 267
Some FET Approximations 267
Applications of LDMOS Transistors in Current Generation
Cellular Technologies 271
RF Power Amplifier Characteristics 273
Practical Example of Designing a W-CDMA Power Amplifier 277
Circuit Techniques for Designing Optimum CDMA Amplifiers 281
Modeling of LDMOS Transistors 283
Comments 290

meidinlei

PREFACE
This book is about radio frequency (RF) transistors. It primarily focuses on applications
viewed from the perspective of a semiconductor supplier who, over the
years, has been involved not only in the manufacture of RF transistors, but also
their use in receivers, transmitters, plasma generators, magnetic resonance imaging,
etc.
Since the late 1960s, Motorola Semiconductors has been at the forefront in the
development of solid state transistors for use at radio frequencies. The authors
have been a part of this development since 1970. Much information has been acquired
during this time, and it is our intention in writing this book to make the
bulk of that information available to users of RF transistors in a concise manner
and from a single source.
This book is not theoretical; as the name implies, it is intended to be practical.
Some mathematics is encountered during the course of the book, but it is not rigorous.
Formulas are not derived; however, sufficient references are cited for the
reader who wishes to delve deeper into a particular subject.
This book is slanted toward power transistors and their applications because
much less material is available in the literature on this subject, particularly in one
location. Also, RF power is the primary experience of the authors. One chapter is
devoted to low power (small signal) transistor applications in an effort to cover
more completely the breadth of power levels in RF transistors.
Chapters 1 through 4 discuss RF transistor fundamentals, such as what’s different
about RF transistors, how they are specified, how to select a transistor, and
what the difference is between FETs and BJTs. Also covered are topics such as
classes of operation, forms of modulation, biasing, and operating in a pulse
mode. Chapters 5 and 6 lay the groundwork for future circuit designs by discussing
such subjects as laying out circuit boards and mounting RF devices, as
well as the importance of die temperature.
In Chapters 7, 8, and 9, the authors take the reader through various considerations
in planning an amplifier design. Among the diverse topics covered are
choice of circuit, stability, impedance matching (including computer-aided de-
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sign programs), and the power amplifier output. Chapters 10 through 12 focus on
wideband techniques.
Chapter 13 describes the many factors affecting small signal (low power) amplifier
design. A variety of examples illustrate the concepts in an effort to make
small signal amplifier design straightforward through a step-by-step approach.

meidinlei

不错的书,推荐看看,PDF格式高清晰.
我有上传目录和Preface.

w123456

good,

ahshima

是什么资料?

pjing57

谢谢楼主！