Adjustable Reference Voltage LDO

angelweishan

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................. 1
1.1 Definition .......................................................................................... 1
1.2 The Demands of Market............................................................. 2
1.2.1 Current Efficiency, Low Voltage and Low Dropout......................... 2
1.2.2 Alternative: DC-DC Converter/Switching Regulators................... 3
1.3 Structure Overview of the LDO Linear Regulator........................... 5
1.3.1 General Structure........................................................................... 5
1.3.2 Performance Considerations ..................................................... 6
1.4 Motivation ..............................................................................................
1.5 Our Contributions...................................................................................... 9
1.6 Thesis Organization........................................................................ 9

Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Low Dropout Linear Regulator............................. 10
2.1 Structure and Operational Principles in LDO Regulator ....................... 10
2.2 Characteristics of the LDO Regulator............................................... 12
2.2.1 Dropout Voltage................................................................. 12
2.2.2 Quiescent Current........................................................... 14
2.2.3 Power Efficiency ................................................................ 15
2.2.4 Load Regulation ................................................................... 16
2.2.5 Line Regulation .................................................................. 17
2.2.6 Power Supply Rejection Ratio .............................................. 17
2.2.7 Output Noise ........................................................................... 18
2.2.8 Stable Range of ESR ...................................................... 19
2.2.9 Accuracy................................................................................ 20
2.2.10 Power Dissipation .................................................................... 20
2.3 Design Issues of the LDO Linear Regulator .................................... 21
2.3.1 Series Pass Element.................................................................. 21
2.3.2 Frequency Response....................................................... 26
2.3.3 Transient Response ........................................................... 30
2.4 Design Considerations.................................................................... 33
2.4.1 Overall System ............................................................................. 33
2.4.2 Reference Circuit..................................................................... 36

Chapter 3 Recent LDO Linear Regulators .......................................... 37
3.1 The Low-Dropout Voltage Regulator in the Recent Years...................... 37
3.1.1 High PSRR LDO linear regulators............................................................. 37
3.1.2 Low Quiescent Current LDO linear regulators .......................................... 38
3.1.3 Low Output Noise LDO linear regulators.................................................. 38
3.1.4 Fast Transient Response LDO linear regulators ........................................ 39
3.2 The Classification of Adjustable LDO Linear Regulator...................................... 40
3.2.1 All Duplicated Type Adjustable LDO Linear Regulator ........................... 40
3.2.2 Half-Duplicated type LDO linear regulators.............................................. 41
3.2.3 Feedback path type Adjustable LDO linear regulators .............................. 42
3.2.4 Adjustable Reference Voltage Generator type LDO linear regulators ...... 43
3.2.5 Summary .................................................................................................... 45

Chapter 4 Proposed Dual Output Voltage Level Low Dropout Linear Regulator ...... 46
4.1 Structure of Reference Voltage Generators .......................................................... 46
4.2 Proposed Dual Output Voltage Level Reference Voltage Generator ................... 52
4.3 Proposed Discharging Path as Switch VOH to VOL............................................ 55
4.4 Current Limiting.................................................................................................... 59

Chapter 5 Simulation Results...................................................................... 62
5.1 Layout Issues......................................................................................................... 62
5.2 Simulated Results.................................................................................................. 64
5.3 Discussions of Simulation Results .............................................. 79

Chapter 6 Conclusions and Future Works ............................................... 81
6.1 Conclusions ...........................................................................................................
6.2 Future Works......................................................................................................... 82
References .......................................................................................... 84

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kankan