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@inproceedings{1710996,
abstract = {The user's hand effects on the EMC GSM/DCS antenna embedded in the mobile phone have been presented. Although the EMC antenna is easy to be integrated into a mobile phone with nearby electronic components or conducting elements, the performance of the antenna is still greatly affected when a user's hand holds the mobile phone. Even when the phone was hand-held at the bottom, large efficiency drops have been observed, especially for the GSM operation},
author = {Su, Chih-Ming and Wu, Chih-Hsien and Wong, Kin-Lu and Yeh, Shih-Huang and Tang, Chia-Lun},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2006, IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2006.1710996},
file = {:User's hand effects on EMC internal GSM DCS mobile phone antenna.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna accessories,Distributed control,EMC internal GSM-DCS mobile phone antenna,Electromagnetic compatibility,Frequency,GSM,Humans,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Plastics,Resonance,cellular radio,conducting elements,electromagnetic compatibility,electronic components,microstrip antennas,mobile handsets,user hand effects},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {2097--2100},
title = {{User's hand effects on EMC internal GSM/DCS mobile phone antenna}},
year = {2006}
}
@article{4388102,
abstract = {A novel uni-planar dual-band monopole antenna capable of generating two wide bands for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN operation is presented. The antenna has a simple structure consisting of a driven strip and a coupled shorted strip. The antenna occupies a small area of 6 times 20 mm2 on an FR4 substrate. The small area allows the antenna to be easily employed in the narrow space between the top edge of the display panel and the casing of the laptop computer to operate as an internal antenna. It is believed that the size of the antenna is about the smallest among the existing uni-planar internal laptop antennas for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN operation.},
author = {Chou, Liang-Che and Wong, Kin-Lu},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2007.910501},
file = {:Uni-Planar Dual-Band Monopole Antenna for 2.4,5 GHz WLAN Operation in the Laptop Computer.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {Broadband antennas,Computer displays,Computer networks,Coupling circuits,Dual band,Dual-band antennas,FR4 substrate,Frequency,Mobile antennas,Performance evaluation,Portable computers,WLAN operation,Wireless LAN,Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) antennas,coupled shorted strip,display panel,driven strip,frequency 2.4 GHz,frequency 5 GHz,internal antenna,internal laptop antennas,laptop computer,microstrip antennas,microwave antennas,mobile antennas,monopole antennas,multifrequency antennas,printed antennas,uni-planar dual-band monopole antenna,uni-planar internal laptop antennas,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {12},
pages = {3739--3741},
title = {{Uni-Planar Dual-Band Monopole Antenna for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN Operation in the Laptop Computer}},
volume = {55},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4433042,
abstract = {In this paper, the tunable PIFA for the correction of impedance mismatch due to human hand effect has been developed. Metal-to-metal direct contact type RF MEMS switch has been used for tuning the resonance frequency of the capacitor loaded PIFA, which is piezoelectrically actuated with low actuation voltage. The characteristics of the tunable PIFA have been measured in the presence of phantom hand in order to show the feasibility for the correction of resonance frequency shift by the human hand effects. When the switch is in the on state, the resonant frequency of the PIFA shifted from 762 MHz to 690 MHz attributed to the phantom hand effect. By changing the switch status to the off state, the PIFA recovers its original resonant frequency with the phantom hand. The measured resonant frequency of the PIFA in the switch off state is 760 MHz with the phantom hand and the return loss at the resonant frequency is -22 dB.},
author = {Park, Jae-Hyoung and Kim, Yong-Dae and Park, Yong-Hee and Lee, Hee-Chul and Kwon, Hyouk and Nam, Hyo-Jin and Bu, Jong-Uk},
booktitle = {Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, 2007. MEMS. IEEE 20th International Conference on},
doi = {10.1109/MEMSYS.2007.4433042},
file = {:Tunable planar inverted-F antenna using rf MEMS switch for the reduction of human hand effect.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1084-6999},
keywords = {Contacts,Frequency measurement,Humans,Imaging phantoms,Impedance,RF MEMS switch,Radiofrequency microelectromechanical systems,Resonance,Resonant frequency,Switches,Tuning,frequency 762 MHz to 690 MHz,human hand effect,impedance mismatch correction,microswitches,piezoelectric actuator,piezoelectric actuators,planar inverted-F antenna,planar inverted-F antennas,resonant frequency,tunable PIFA},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {163--166},
title = {{Tunable planar inverted-F antenna using rf MEMS switch for the reduction of human hand effect}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{960107,
abstract = {A rectangular metallic cavity is known to support a number of resonant cavity modes. Each of these modes can be described as being a sum of 8 plane waves inclined at different angles. We study how these plane waves are angularly distributed in space. The results show that the angular distribution is uniform in space independent of chamber size, provided the chamber has nearly-cubic shape and is sufficiently large. As an example, a rectangular cavity with dimensions 1 m /spl times/ 0.8 m /spl times/ 1 m is analysed in detail at 870-970 MHz.},
author = {Rosengren, K and Kildal, P.-S.},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2001. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2001.960107},
file = {:Theoretical study of angular distribution of plane waves in a small reverberation chamber for simulating multipath environment and testing mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {0.8 m,1.0 m,870 to 970 MHz,Antenna measurements,Antennas and propagation,Bandwidth,Directive antennas,Electromagnetic fields,Electromagnetic measurements,Receiving antennas,Resonance,Reverberation chamber,Testing,UHF radio propagation,angular distribution,antenna testing,antenna theory,mobile antennas,mobile phones,mobile radio,multipath,multipath channels,multipath environment,plane waves,rectangular metallic cavity,resonant cavity modes,reverberation chambers,small reverberation chamber,telephone sets},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {358--361 vol.3},
title = {{Theoretical study of angular distribution of plane waves in a small reverberation chamber for simulating multipath environment and testing mobile phones}},
volume = {3},
year = {2001}
}
@inproceedings{1552737,
abstract = {A multi-band internal antenna for mobile phones is realized by means of an elongated flat conductor featuring a closed slot, a ground leg, and a feed leg. A benchmark on a Motorola T192 handset is employed to illustrate the operation of this structure - called folded inverted conformal antenna (FICA) - showing that it provides significantly more radiating bandwidth that a conventional dual band PIFA under the same operating conditions. Because of its favorable performance, FICA is employed in several Motorola handsets in the consumer market.},
author = {{Di Nallo}, C and Faraone, A},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2005.1552737},
file = {:The folded inverted conformal antenna (FICA) for multi-band cellular phones.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1800 MHz,900 MHz,Antenna feeds,Bandwidth,Cellular phones,Conductors,Dual band,FICA,Leg,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Slot antennas,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,closed slot,conformal antennas,elongated flat conductor,feed leg,folded inverted conformal antenna,ground leg,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone internal antenna,multiband cellular phones,multifrequency antennas,radiating bandwidth,slot antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {52--55 vol. 4B},
title = {{The folded inverted conformal antenna (FICA) for multi-band cellular phones}},
volume = {4B},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{617157,
abstract = {In this work, some experimental results for the head/hand effects in personal communications are presented, for the real situation of a person during a call in the AMPS system. The hand-held unit has a monopole antenna. A simple measurement procedure is described and experimental results are discussed including biological effect aspects and wireless communication system performance. The obtained results will instigate other researchers to carry out a better characterization of the head/hand-handset interaction in personal communication systems},
author = {Neto, A G and de Carvalho, N and {da Costa e Silva}, J},
booktitle = {Electromagnetic Compatibility Proceedings, 1997 International Symposium on},
doi = {10.1109/ELMAGC.1997.617157},
file = {:Some experimental results for the head hand effects in personal communications.pdf:pdf;:some experimental results for the head hand effects in personal communications\_cof.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {824 MHz,849 MHz,AMPS system,Personal communication networks,UHF measurement,antenna radiation patterns,biological effect,biological effects of microwaves,hand effects,hand-held unit,head effects,land mobile radio,measurement procedure,mobile antennas,monopole antenna,monopole antennas,personal communication networks,personal communications,transceivers,wireless communication system performance},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {344--347},
title = {{Some experimental results for the head/hand effects in personal communications}},
year = {1997}
}
@inproceedings{4458407,
abstract = {The paper is contributed to the special session in memory and honor of Prof. James R. James. Various types of antennas for hyperthermia or thermal therapies have widely been investigated. Since these antennas are used in and around a human body, the size of the antennas must be small. Particularly, for internal heating antennas, thin or small-sized antennas are required in order to realize minimally invasive treatment. The author et al. have been studying the coaxial-slot antenna, which is one of thin microwave internal antennas for hyperthermia. The paper overviews such small antennas and demonstrates a few applications of the antennas to hyperthermia.},
author = {Ito, K},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation, 2007. EuCAP 2007. The Second European Conference on},
file = {:Small Antennas for Hyperthermia.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Prof. James R. James,coaxial-slot antenna,human body,hyperthermia,internal heating antennas,memorial session,microwave antennas,slot antennas,small antenna,small antennas,thermal therapy,thin microwave internal antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{Small Antennas for Hyperthermia}},
year = {2007}
}
@article{4470572,
abstract = {In this letter, new slot antennas with an extended ground are proposed. They are easily built as internal antennas in a compact wireless device. Originated from lambda/4 slot antennas, an additional vertical L-shaped metallic sheet as an extended ground and a main radiator is added to reduce the antenna size. The sheet is designed close to a ground plane, and its height can be chosen according to the available space of a given device. These features offer more design flexibility for antenna and mechanical engineers. In this letter, antennas for WLAN are designed and implemented as examples, and a four-element antenna design using the resultant antennas is demonstrated, showing that the multiple-antenna design occupies only a small region in the system board. With these design examples the proposed structures can be a promising solution for multiple-antenna systems in compact wireless devices.},
author = {Lai, Ming-Iu and Jeng, Shyh-Kang},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2008.920266},
file = {:Slot Antennas With an Extended Ground for Multiple-Antenna Systems in Compact Wireless Device.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {Slot antenna,WLAN antennas,antenna arrays,compact wireless devices,extended ground,four-element antenna design,internal antennas,main radiator,multiple-antenna systems,slot antenna,slot antennas,vertical L-shaped metallic sheet,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {19--22},
title = {{Slot Antennas With an Extended Ground for Multiple-Antenna Systems in Compact Wireless Devices}},
volume = {8},
year = {2009}
}
@inproceedings{1711687,
abstract = {A shorted monopole antenna capable of dual band operation for slider mobile phones is constructed. The proposed antenna occupies a small volume 4 times 11 times 39 mm3 and is suitable to be embedded in a slider mobile phone as an internal antenna. The antenna is located at the bottom of the edge of the ground plane in main board. This antenna position arrangement can probably provide the solution for the ultra-thin slider mobile phone with the anodized aluminum case or decoration in the slider mobile phone. The obtained impedance bandwidth also covers the required bandwidth of the GSM (880-960 MHz) and DCS (1710-1880 MHz) bands},
author = {Tung, Hao-Chun and Huang, Tzung-Fang and Lin, Chao-Yung and Lu, Shih-Wen and Yang, Fu-Ji},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2006, IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2006.1711687},
file = {:Shorted Monopole Dual Band Antenna for Ultra-Thin Profile Slider Mobile Phone.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1710 to 1880 MHz,880 to 960 MHz,Aluminum,Bandwidth,DCS bands,Distributed control,Dual band,GSM,GSM bands,Helical antennas,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Personal digital assistants,UHF antennas,cellular radio,impedance bandwidth,internal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,monopole antennas,multifrequency antennas,shorted monopole dual band antenna,ultra-thin profile slider mobile phone},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {4693--4696},
title = {{Shorted Monopole Dual Band Antenna for Ultra-Thin Profile Slider Mobile Phone}},
year = {2006}
}
@article{1634744,
abstract = {Radio frequency propagation in an electrically large resonant chamber (a screened room) was simulated by two models: a statistical combination of multiple resonant modes and a computational electromagnetic simulation [the transmission line matrix (TLM) method]. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of passengers and windows on electromagnetic fields (EMF) in aircraft and other vehicles. Comparison of the multimode models with measurements made in a screened room showed that as the electromagnetic losses increased, the transmission between two internal antennas was reduced, and there were fewer turning points in its frequency response. The autocorrelation of this frequency response provided a useful estimate of the composite Q-factor of the resonances and showed that the Q of the chamber was reduced from a value of the order of 10 000 when emptied to 1000 when windows were added and when filled with people to 100. The TLM simulation provided further useful information about the statistical variation of electric field strength with position.},
author = {Robinson, M P and Clegg, J and Marvin, A C},
doi = {10.1109/TEMC.2006.873856},
file = {:Radio frequency electromagnetic fields in large conducting enclosures effects of apertures and human bodies on propagation and field-statistics.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-9375},
journal = {Electromagnetic Compatibility, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {Aircraft,Apertures,Computational modeling,Electromagnetic fields,Electromagnetic modeling,Electromagnetic propagation,Frequency response,Humans,Radio frequency,Resonance,TLM,Transmission line matrix methods,cavity resonators,composite Q-factor,computational electromagnetic simulation,computational electromagnetics,conducting bodies,conducting enclosures,electric field strength,electrically large resonant chamber,electromagnetic compatibility,electromagnetic fields,electromagnetic losses,field-statistics,frequency response autocorrelation,human bodies,propagation,radio frequency electromagnetic fields,radiowave propagation,statistics,transmission line matrix,transmission line matrix methods,vehicles},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {2},
pages = {304--310},
title = {{Radio frequency electromagnetic fields in large conducting enclosures: effects of apertures and human bodies on propagation and field-statistics}},
volume = {48},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{4057442,
abstract = {Designing internal antennas for modern cellular radio handsets and data devices faces presents many challenges including a need to reduce size and cost whilst increasing functionality, as well as the need for extensive customisation of the antenna during the design life of the device. A new approach to this problem is presented by considering the antenna and RF front end together as a radio-antenna unit engineered to make optimum use of balanced RF and antenna structures. A new type of balanced antenna has been developed for this application},
author = {Kingsley, S P and Ide, J M and Lellici, D and O'Keefe, S G},
booktitle = {Wireless Technology, 2006. The 9th European Conference on},
doi = {10.1109/ECWT.2006.280439},
file = {:Radio and antenna integration for mobile platforms.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Balanced antenna,Bandwidth,Circuits,Computer aided manufacturing,Cost function,Dipole antennas,Land mobile radio cellular systems,Mobile antennas,Portable computers,RF front end,Radio frequency,Telephone sets,cellular radio,cellular radio handsets,data devices,integrated antenna,internal antenna designing,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,radio-antenna module},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {79--82},
title = {{Radio and antenna integration for mobile platforms}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{4227421,
abstract = {The omnidirectionality of a laptop internal antenna can be severely affected by the laptop electrically large structure. Therefore, an accurate evaluation of the radiation pattern requires a proper modelling of the laptop housing effects. Due to the large laptop dimensions, this antenna-PC integrated approach leads to a minimum far field distance of at least 12 meters at the WLAN frequency bands. Such a large distance is not easily accommodated in indoor far-field measurement ranges. A near field measurement technique seems appropriate to solve the problem. This study reports 2.4/5.2 GHz laptop internal antenna housing effects on the far field radiation pattern. The full wave simulations are compared with measurement results obtained in UCLA near field spherical range. A very good agreement obtained for all the investigated scenarios confirms that the near field technique is adequate to deal with this type of measurement problems.},
author = {Guterman, J and Rahmat-Samii, Y and Moreira, A A and Peixeiro, C},
booktitle = {Antenna Technology: Small and Smart Antennas Metamaterials and Applications, 2007. IWAT '07. International Workshop on},
doi = {10.1109/IWAT.2007.370105},
file = {:Radiation Pattern of a 2.4 5.2GHz Laptop Internal Antenn Near Field Spherical Range Measurements.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {2.4 GHz,5.2 GHz,Antenna feeds,Antenna measurements,Antenna radiation patterns,Computer aided manufacturing,Keyboards,Patch antennas,Pattern analysis,Portable computers,Prototypes,Thin film transistors,UHF antennas,WLAN frequency bands,antenna radiation patterns,full wave analysis,full wave simulations,indoor far-field measurement ranges,laptop computers,laptop housing effects,laptop internal antenna,microwave antennas,mobile computing,near field spherical range measurements,radiation pattern,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {174--177},
title = {{Radiation Pattern of a 2.4/ 5.2GHz Laptop Internal Antenna: Near Field Spherical Range Measurements and Full Wave Analysis}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{1524809,
abstract = {Summary form only given. In the 1990's, the mobile phone industry experienced a dramatic development. The first stage was from analog standard to digital standard development, for example, analog standard such as AMPS (advanced mobile phone system), NMT (Nordic mobile telephone) and ETACS; digital standard such as GSM, D-AMPS and CDMA. The second stage was from single band to multi-band due to the strong capacity requirements. DCS 1800 and PCS 1900 were introduced in the middle of 1990's. Ying first proposed a dual band non-uniform helical antenna which became a popular antenna for dual band mobile phones. In the same time, P. Haapala proposed a dual band mono-helix antenna while G. Hayes proposed a meander type dual band antenna. In 1997, Ying proposed a branch multi-band antenna which has been applied into several Ericsson mobile phones. Andersson proposed a broad band shark fin antenna later. In 1998, an internal antenna was introduced to the mobile phone, which caused a lot of market interest. We started some research work in this area and soon Ying proposed an internal printed spiral antenna and a dual band printed antenna. Later in the same year, a dual band internal antenna for a mobile phone was developed. The antenna concept is based on a branched PIFA antenna. Today, many of dual band mobile handsets use this kind antenna concept. To meet the global system requirement, some so-called penta band antenna concepts are proposed. The capacitive feeding and high dielectric loading are introduced in the new concept. The multi-band technique is still a hot topic in the mobile terminal application.},
author = {Ying, Zhinong},
booktitle = {Wideband and Multi-band Antennas and Arrays, 2005. IEE (Ref. No. 2005/11059)},
file = { rogress of multi-band antenna technology in mobile phone industry.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0537-9989},
keywords = {analog standard,antenna feeds,branch multiband antenna,capacitive feeding,dielectric loading,digital standard,dual band mobile phone,dual band printed antenna,helical antennas,internal printed spiral antenna,meander type dual band antenna,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone industry,multiband antenna technology,multifrequency antennas,nonuniform helical antenna,penta band antenna concept,spiral antennas,telecommunication terminals},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{Progress of multi-band antenna technology in mobile phone industry}},
year = {2005}
}
@article{4558305,
abstract = {A promising printed loop antenna is described that can be mounted in perpendicular to the top edge of the system circuit board of the mobile phone for penta-band operation. The antenna comprises a loop pattern printed on a thin FR4 substrate of small size 10 X 60 mm2 and a perpendicular feeding portion printed on the narrow top ungrounded region of the system circuit board. Since the top ungrounded region is 4 mm in length only, the antenna is very low profile to the top edge of the ground plane on the system circuit board; that is, the antenna occupies a small volume inside the mobile phone housing and is suitable to operate as an internal antenna. In addition, the antenna generates two wide operating bands centered at about 900 and 1900 MHz to cover GSM850/900 and DCS/PCS/UMTS operations, respectively.},
author = {Wong, Kin-Lu and Huang, Chih-Hong},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2008.924770},
file = {rinted Loop Antenna With a Perpendicular Feed for Penta-Band Mobile Phone Application.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna feeds,Costs,DCS,Distributed control,Dual band,FR4 substrate,GSM850 operation,GSM900 operation,Internal mobile phone antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCS,Personal communication networks,Printed circuits,Resonance,UMTS,antenna feeds,cellular radio,frequency 1900 MHz,frequency 900 MHz,loop antennas,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,multiband operation,penta-band mobile phone application,penta-band operation,perpendicular feed,printed loop antenna,printed loop antennas,system circuit board},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {7},
pages = {2138--2141},
title = {{Printed Loop Antenna With a Perpendicular Feed for Penta-Band Mobile Phone Application}},
volume = {56},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{1330585,
abstract = {Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) have been very popular as an internal antenna in small handheld wireless communication devices. Recently, in many wireless devices, a digital camera is embedded and is in competition with the PIFA internal antenna for the very limited space on the system circuit board. We propose a novel design of the PIFA with a large hollow shorting cylinder for application in a mobile phone with an embedded digital camera. The hollow shorting cylinder has a large diameter (8 mm in this case), and it is easy to fit the lens of a practical embedded digital camera inside it. In this case the proposed PIFA and the embedded digital camera together occupy a minimum space, and very small or negligible coupling effects of the embedded camera with the PIFA are expected. A design example of the proposed PIFA for application in a UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, 1920-2170 MHz) mobile phone is demonstrated. The experimental results obtained are also presented.},
author = {Chien, Shao-Lun and Chen, Hong-Twu and Su, Chih-Ming and Hsiao, Fu-Ren and Wong, Kin-Lu},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2004. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2004.1330585},
file = {lanar inverted-F antenna with a hollow shorting cylinder for internal mobile phone antenna.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1920 to 2170 MHz,3G mobile communication,8 mm,Digital cameras,Engine cylinders,Feeds,Frequency,Lenses,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PIFA,Personal digital assistants,Printed circuits,UHF antennas,UMTS,Universal Mobile Telecommunication System,coupling effects,embedded digital camera,hollow shorting cylinder,internal antenna,internal mobile phone antenna,microstrip antennas,mobile antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,planar inverted-F antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1947--1950 Vol.2},
title = {{Planar inverted-F antenna with a hollow shorting cylinder for internal mobile phone antenna}},
volume = {2},
year = {2004}
}
@inproceedings{4511395,
abstract = {The investigation of user interaction presented in this paper focuses on the comparison between the free space and data mode diversity performance of a tri-band "stick" phone size prototype in the uniform 3D propagation environment. A state-of-the-art phantom hand from IndexSAR is used to hold the diversity prototype in the data mode position.},
author = {Plicanic, V and Lau, Buon Kiong and Ying, Zhinong},
booktitle = {Antenna Technology: Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2008. iWAT 2008. International Workshop on},
doi = {10.1109/IWAT.2008.4511395},
file = {:Performance of a Multiband Diversity Antenna.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antennas and propagation,Dielectric losses,Diversity reception,IndexSAR,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Multiaccess communication,PIFA,Prototypes,Telephone sets,Transmitting antennas,compact mobile handsets,data mode position,diversity antenna,hand effects,mobile antennas,mobile radio,monopole antennas,multiband diversity antenna,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antennas,state-of-the-art phantom hand,uniform 3D propagation},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {534--537},
title = {{Performance of a Multiband Diversity Antenna with Hand Effects}},
year = {2008}
}
@article{4703466,
abstract = {A low-profile monopole antenna covering the following frequency bands is proposed for mobile phone applications: Global System for Mobile communications (GSM-900), digital communication system (DCS), Personal communication services (PCS), Universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), wireless broadband (WiBro), Bluetooth, satellite-digital multimedia broadcasting (S-DMB), and wireless local area network (WLAN) frequency bands in the 5.0 GHz range. Multiple resonators in a compact configuration have been used to realise the octa-band internal antenna within a volume of 2.08 cm3 that is very attractive for multifunctional slim handsets. Measured performances of a prototype antenna have been compared to predicted results.},
author = {Bhatti, R A and Park, S.-O.},
doi = {10.1049/el:20082776},
file = {:Octa-band internal monopole antenna for mobile phone applications.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0013-5194},
journal = {Electronics Letters},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Bluetooth,Digital Communication System,GSM-900,Global System for Mobile Communication,Personal Communication Service,UMTS,Universal Mobile Telecommunications System,WLAN,WiBro,Wireless Broadband,frequency 5.0 GHz,low-profile monopole antenna,microwave antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone application,monopole antennas,multifunctional slim handsets,octa-band internal monopole antenna,satellite-digital multimedia broadcasting,wireless LAN,wireless local area network},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {25},
pages = {1447--1448},
title = {{Octa-band internal monopole antenna for mobile phone applications}},
volume = {44},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{4584567,
abstract = {This paper proposes a novel internal multi-antenna configuration employing folded dipole elements for notebook PCs. We take particular note of the properties of the folded dipole antennas that eliminate the undesired current on the ground plane. Employing folded dipole antennas in a multi-antenna configuration, mounted at the four corners of the upper ground plane of a notebook PC model, resulted in an approximate 5 dB increase in the pattern averaging gain compared to that for inverted-L antennas, which are popularly used as internal antennas equipped in mobile equipment. Furthermore, evaluated results of the multi-antenna performance showed that the proposed quad folded dipole antenna configuration achieves an approximate 6 dB higher beamforming gain and approximately double the MIMO channel capacity, respectively, compared to those for a quad inverted-L antenna configuration with a low correlation coefficient of less than 0.2.},
author = {Okano, Y and Cho, Keizo},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation, 2006. EuCAP 2006. First European Conference on},
doi = {10.1109/EUCAP.2006.4584567},
file = {:Novel internal multi-antenna configuration employing folded dipole elements for notebook PC.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antennas and propagation,Array signal processing,Dipole antennas,Feeds,MIMO,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Mutual coupling,Performance gain},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{Novel internal multi-antenna configuration employing folded dipole elements for notebook PC}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{1358544,
abstract = {The paper presents a novel broad-band patch antenna for third generation mobile phone handsets. The planar U-shaped structure in configuration of the inverted-F antenna is reported. The characteristics of the radiating structure have been simulated using method of moments code and validated with measurements of the fabricated prototype. The bandwidth (VSWR of 2:1) of about 24,16\%, covering PCS, DCS systems and uplink and downlink bands of the UMTS standard is obtained. Stable radiation patterns are observed across the passbands.},
author = {Gavvlik, W and Kitlinski, M},
booktitle = {Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communications, 2004. MIKON-2004. 15th International Conference on},
doi = {10.1109/MIKON.2004.1358544},
file = {:New type of small broad-band internal antenna for third generation mobile phone handsets.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Distributed control,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Moment methods,Patch antennas,Personal communication networks,Telephone sets,UMTS standard,Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems,Virtual prototyping,antenna radiation patterns,broad-band patch antenna,broadband antennas,inverted-F antenna,method of moments,method of moments code,microstrip antennas,mobile handsets,planar U-shaped structure,radiation patterns,radio links,small broad-band internal antenna,third generation mobile phone handsets},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1016--1019 Vol.3},
title = {{New type of small broad-band internal antenna for third generation mobile phone handsets}},
volume = {3},
year = {2004}
}
@article{1360180,
abstract = {A novel compact six-band internal handset antenna for covering the GSM (890-960 MHz), GPS (1575 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1880-1990 MHz), UMTS (1900-2200 MHz), and ISM (2400-2480 MHz) bands is presented. The proposed antenna consists of two layer patches and a folded stub and occupies a total volume of 36/spl times/17/spl times/8 mm/sup 3/. Details of the antenna as well as the measured results are presented.},
author = {Guo, Yong-Xin and Tan, Hwee Siang},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2004.838814},
file = {:New compact six-band internal antenna.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {17 mm,36 mm,3G mobile communication,8 mm,890 to 2480 MHz,DCS,GPS,GSM,Global Positioning System,ISM,PCS,PIFA,UHF antennas,UMTS,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,compact antenna,folded stub,internal handset antenna,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,patch antenna,radiation patterns,six-band antenna,six-band internal antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {1},
pages = {295--297},
title = {{New compact six-band internal antenna}},
volume = {3},
year = {2004}
}
@article{4804089,
abstract = {A multiband printed monopole slot antenna promising for operating as an internal antenna in the thin-profile laptop computer for wireless wide area network (WWAN) operation is presented. The proposed antenna is formed by three monopole slots operated at their quarter-wavelength modes and arranged in a compact planar configuration. A step-shaped microstrip feedline is applied to excite the three monopole slots at their respective optimal feeding position, and two wide operating bands at about 900 and 1900 MHz are obtained for the antenna to cover all the five operating bands of GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS for WWAN operation. The antenna is easily printed on a small-size FR4 substrate and shows a length of 60 mm only and a height of 12 mm when mounted at the top edge of the system ground plane or supporting metal frame of the laptop display. Details of the proposed antenna are presented and studied.},
author = {Wong, Kin-Lu and Lee, Li-Chun},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2008.2011391},
file = {:Multiband Printed Monopole Slot Antenna for WWAN Operation in the Laptop Computer.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna feeds,Application software,Computer networks,GSM1800,GSM1900,GSM850,GSM900,Internal laptop computer antennas,Microstrip antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Portable computers,Receiving antennas,Slot antennas,UMTS,WWAN antennas,WWAN operation,Wide area networks,cellular radio,compact planar configuration,frequency 1900 MHz,frequency 900 MHz,internal antenna,laptop computers,microstrip antennas,monopole antennas,monopole slot antennas,multiband antennas,multiband printed monopole slot antenna,multifrequency antennas,optimal feeding position,quarter-wavelength modes,quarter-wavelength slot antennas,radiotelephony,slot antennas,step-shaped microstrip feedline,thin-profile laptop computer,wide area networks,wireless wide area network},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {2},
pages = {324--330},
title = {{Multiband Printed Monopole Slot Antenna for WWAN Operation in the Laptop Computer}},
volume = {57},
year = {2009}
}
@article{1426555,
abstract = {A new internal antenna for multiband cellphones comprises a U-shaped elongated flat conductor featuring a closed meandered slot, a ground and a feed leg. A benchmark on a Motorola T192 handset is conducted to illustrate the operation of this structure - called a folded inverted conformal antenna showing significantly more radiating bandwidth than a conventional dual-band PIFA.},
author = {{Di Nallo}, C and Faraone, A},
doi = {10.1049/el:20058356},
file = {:Multiband internal antenna for mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0013-5194},
journal = {Electronics Letters},
keywords = {Motorola T192 handset,U-shaped elongated flat conductor,bandwidth radiation,closed meandered slot,conformal antennas,conventional dual-band PIFA,folded inverted conformal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phones,multi-band internal antenna,multiband cellphone,multifrequency antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {9},
pages = {514--515},
title = {{Multiband internal antenna for mobile phones}},
volume = {41},
year = {2005}
}
@article{4302796,
abstract = {A novel, low-profile internal antenna with multiband characteristic and narrow shape is reported which can be easily fabricated and embedded into a laptop computer. Two parasitic branches are designed to obtain wide bandwidths covering the GSM850, GSM900, DCS and PCS frequency bands. Measured parameters including VSWR, radiation patterns, three-dimensional peak gain and average gain are presented to validate the proposed design.},
author = {Wang, X and Chen, W and Feng, Z},
doi = {10.1049/el:20071603},
file = {:Multiband antenna with parasitic branches for laptop applications.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0013-5194},
journal = {Electronics Letters},
keywords = {2D peak gain,VSWR parameter,antenna radiation patterns,average gain,laptop computer applications,laptop computers,low-profile internal antenna,multiband antenna,multifrequency antennas,parasitic branches,radiation patterns},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {19},
pages = {1012--1013},
title = {{Multiband antenna with parasitic branches for laptop applications}},
volume = {43},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4395658,
abstract = {A multi-band internal antenna including the DVB-H (digital video broadcast for handheld terminals) band is proposed for clamshell types of the mobile handsets. It consists of two radiating elements: a PIFA is for the GSM band, and a monopole covers DVB-H, GPS, DCS, and PCS bands. The measured results show that the proposed antenna has enough isolation between two elements and effectively covers all operating bands.},
author = {Jo, Jae-Hoon and Yu, Byunggil and Kong, Ki-Hyun and Jung, Kangjae and Lee, In-Young and Park, Myun-Joo and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2007.4395658},
file = {:Multiband antenna with parasitic branches for laptop applications.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antennas and propagation,DCS bands,DVB-H band,Digital video broadcasting,Distributed control,Frequency,GPS band,GSM,GSM band,Global Positioning System,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCS bands,PIFA,Personal communication networks,cellular radio,digital video broadcast for handheld terminals,digital video broadcasting,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,monopole,monopole antennas,multiband internal antenna,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {972--975},
title = {{Multi-band internal antenna including DVB-H band}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4620062,
abstract = {A novel internal monopole antenna suitable for applications of GSM/DCS/PCS tri-band antenna for slider mobile phones is constructed. The proposed antenna can be embedded into phone housing as an internal antenna and it design for manufacturing. The antenna is located at the bottom of the edge of the ground plane in main board and fed by a coaxial cable for the special mechanical placements. The obtained impedance bandwidth covers the required bandwidth of the GSM (880-960 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz) and PCS (1850-1990 MHz) bands.},
author = {Tung, Hao-Chun and Hsu, Yu-Ching and Wang, Chun-Chin and Huang, Tzung-Fang and Sun, Hsueh-Wen},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2008.4620062},
file = {:Monopole antenna fed by a coaxial cable in slide phone for GSM DCS PCS operation.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Bandwidth,Cable shielding,Coaxial cables,DCS,Distributed control,GSM,Grounding,Helical antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCS,Personal communication networks,antenna feeds,bandwidth 1710 MHz to 1990 MHz,bandwidth 880 MHz to 960 MHz,cellular radio,coaxial cable,coaxial cables,internal antenna,mobile handsets,monopole antenna,monopole antennas,slide phone,slider mobile phones,tri-band antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Monopole antenna fed by a coaxial cable in slide phone for GSM/DCS/PCS operation}},
year = {2008}
}
@article{6309152,
abstract = {This paper is a survey of internal antennas in mobile phones from 1997 to 2010. It covers almost 60 GSM and 3G handsets, ranging from the first GSM handset with an internal antenna to the current Nokia, Sony-Ericsson, Motorola, and Apple handsets. The paper discusses different types of mobile-phone antennas, feeding structures, active antennas, isolation, and antenna loading techniques. This paper examines different design techniques for mobile-phone antennas, and the limitations of antenna design due to manufacturing technologies and the effect of handset materials. Antenna performance parameters, including S parameters, radiation efficiency, SAR, and TRP/TIS are reported for the surveyed handsets. The effective antenna volume for every antenna is calculated, in order to determine the average volume/space required for each antenna type and the corresponding performance. Some of the handsets are further simulated using commercial electromagnetic simulators to illustrate the electromagnetic-field distributions. This paper summarizes the antenna design parameters as a function of handset performance, and presents a short summary of design procedure.},
author = {Rowell, C and Lam, E Y},
doi = {10.1109/MAP.2012.6309152},
file = {:Mobile-Phone Antenna Design.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1045-9243},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE},
keywords = {3G,3G handsets,4G,Antenna measurements,Apple handsets,Design methdology,GSM,GSM handsets,Land mobile radio equipment,Mobile antennas,Motorola handsets,Nokia handsets,PIFA,S parameters,S-parameters,SAR,Sea measurements,Slot antennas,Sony-Ericsson handsets,TIS,TRP,TRP-TIS,Telephone sets,active antennas,antenna feeds,antenna isolation,antenna loading technique,antenna performance parameter,antenna radiation patterns,antenna volume,commercial electromagnetic simulators,electromagnetic-field distributions,feeding structures,handset materials,internal antenna,internal antennas,land mobile radio cellular systems,land mobile radio equipment,manufacturing,matching networks,mobile handsets,mobile phone,mobile phone antenna design,radiation efficiency},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {4},
pages = {14--34},
title = {{Mobile-Phone Antenna Design}},
volume = {54},
year = {2012}
}
@inproceedings{1330584,
abstract = {A T-shaped monopole antenna is a planar top-loaded monopole antenna and has the attractive feature of a low profile. We propose a novel dual-frequency metal-plate shorted T-shaped monopole antenna suitable for WLAN operation in the 2.4 GHz (2400-2484 MHz) and 5 GHz (5150-5350 and 5725-5875 MHz) bands. A prototype with a low profile of 4 mm only has been constructed. It is suitable for embedding within the narrow space between the top edge of the display and the housing of a laptop computer to operate as an internal antenna. Details of the proposed antenna and the experimental results are presented.},
author = {Su, Chih-Ming and Chen, Wen-Shyang and Wong, Kin-Lu},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2004. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2004.1330584},
file = {:Metal-plate shorted T-shaped monopole for internal laptop antenna for 2.4 5 GHz WLAN operation.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {2400 to 2484 MHz,4 mm,5150 to 5350 MHz,5725 to 5875 MHz,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Copper,Displays,Dual band,Impedance matching,Portable computers,Resonance,Stacking,UHF antennas,WLAN,Wireless LAN,antenna radiation patterns,internal antenna,internal laptop antenna,metal-plate shorted T-shaped monopole antenna,microwave antennas,monopole antennas,radiation patterns},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1943--1946 Vol.2},
title = {{Metal-plate shorted T-shaped monopole for internal laptop antenna for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN operation}},
volume = {2},
year = {2004}
}
@inproceedings{1469565,
abstract = {This paper describes an internal antenna design for a PCS mobile phone. The structure of the antenna was designed as a meandered planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) in order to obtain a high gain. The radiation level in the vicinity of the human head was lowered to obtain a low SAR (specific absorption rate). However, the antenna was designed to achieve the highest degree of forward radiation level. The antenna designed in this study was installed at a commercial mobile phone, where it was applied to the actual environment.},
author = {Jeon, Joo-Seong and Heo, Man-Hoe and Noh, Jae-Won},
booktitle = {Wireless Communications and Applied Computational Electromagnetics, 2005. IEEE/ACES International Conference on},
doi = {10.1109/WCACEM.2005.1469565},
file = {:Meandered planar inverted-F antenna for PCS mobile phone.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Humans,IEEE news,Market research,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Mobile handsets,PCS mobile phone,Personal communication networks,Planar arrays,Research and development,Specific absorption rate,antenna radiation patterns,forward radiation level,internal antenna design,meandered planar inverted-F antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,personal communication networks,planar inverted-F antennas,specific absorption rate},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {217--220},
title = {{Meandered planar inverted-F antenna for PCS mobile phone}},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{1349967,
abstract = {This paper presents an investigation of SAR (specific absorption rate) of mobile telephones having an internal antenna structure, and effects on antenna performance due to presence of a human head at close proximity to the mobile telephone. The numerical model for evaluating the SAR values and the antenna performance parameters of a typical internal antenna used in mobile telephones is described, and the results are compared to the measurement results.},
author = {Chan, K H and Fung, L C and Chow, K M and Leung, S W},
booktitle = {Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2004. EMC 2004. 2004 InternationalSymposium on},
doi = {10.1109/ISEMC.2004.1349967},
file = {:Investigation of SAR of an internal antenna of mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Finite difference methods,Frequency measurement,Glass,Humans,Loss measurement,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Resonant frequency,SAR,Time domain analysis,antenna performance,biological effects of radiation,electromagnetic wave absorption,human head,internal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile telephones,specific absorption rate},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1023--1026 vol.3},
title = {{Investigation of SAR of an internal antenna of mobile phones}},
volume = {3},
year = {2004}
}
@article{4148085,
abstract = {A novel, ultrawideband (UWB) monopole antenna suitable to be mounted on the printed circuit board (PCB) of a wireless, universal, serial-bus (USB) dongle as an internal antenna is presented. The proposed antenna in the study is a U-shaped, metal-plate monopole antenna, easily fabricated from bending a simple metal plate onto a foam base of a compact size of 6times11times20 mm3. The antenna mainly comprises a pair of wide-ended radiating arms and a bevel-feed transition. When the antenna is mounted at the top portion of the PCB, one end of the radiating arm is also short-circuited to the system ground plane. With the proposed antenna structure, which can provide a very wide operating bandwidth of larger than 7.6 GHz, the antenna impedance bandwidth can easily cover the 3.1-10.6 GHz UWB band. Details of the antenna design are described, and experimental results of the constructed prototypes are presented and discussed},
author = {Su, Saou-Wen and Chou, Jui-Hung and Wong, Kin-Lu},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2007.893398},
file = {:Internal Ultrawideband Monopole Antenna for Wireless USB Dongle Applications.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {3.1 to 10.6 GHz,Antennas,Arm,Bandwidth,Consumer electronics,Impedance,PCB,Printed circuits,Prototypes,Throughput,UWB,Ultra wideband antennas,Ultra wideband technology,Universal Serial Bus,antenna feeds,antenna impedance bandwidth,antenna radiation patterns,bevel-feed transition,internal antennas,internal ultrawideband monopole antenna,microwave antennas,monopole antennas,printed circuit board,printed circuits,ultra wideband antennas,ultrawideband (UWB) antennas,universal serial-bus (USB) dongle antennas,universal-serial-bus,wide-ended radiating arm,wireless USB dongle application},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {4},
pages = {1180--1183},
title = {{Internal Ultrawideband Monopole Antenna for Wireless USB Dongle Applications}},
volume = {55},
year = {2007}
}
@article{4148088,
abstract = {A thin dual-band internal patch antenna for Global System for Mobile Communication, 890-960 MHz/Digital Communication System, 1710-1880 MHz (GSM/DCS) operation in a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) phone is presented. The antenna can generate two wide resonant modes for GSM (890-960 MHz) and DCS (1710-1880 MHz) operation, yet it requires an air-layer substrate of thickness 4 mm only, which is among the thinnest internal mobile phone antennas that have been reported. The antenna's top patch comprises a resonant narrow strip supporting a longer resonant path for GSM operation and a resonant subpatch supporting a shorter resonant path for DCS operation. By including a suitable widened end portion for the narrow strip and a suitable tapered end portion for the subpatch, increased bandwidths for the proposed thin internal mobile phone antenna are obtained. Detailed design considerations of the proposed antenna are described. In addition, the user's hand effects on the performances of the proposed antenna are studied},
author = {Wong, Kin-Lu and Lin, Yuan-Chih and Chen, Brian},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2007.893379},
file = {:Internal Patch Antenna With a Thin Air-Layer Substrate for GSM DCS Operation in a PDA Phone.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {1710 to 1880 MHz,4 mm,890 to 960 MHz,Bandwidth,Digital communication,Distributed control,Dual band,GSM,GSM-DCS operation,GSM/DCS mobile phone antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PDA phone,Patch antennas,Personal digital assistants,Resonance,UHF antennas,cellular radio,digital communication,digital communication system,dual-band internal patch antenna,global system-mobile communication,internal antennas,internal mobile phone antenna,internal mobile phone antennas,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,notebook computers,personal digital assistant,resonant narrow strip,resonant subpatch,thin air-layer substrate},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {4},
pages = {1165--1172},
title = {{Internal Patch Antenna With a Thin Air-Layer Substrate for GSM/DCS Operation in a PDA Phone}},
volume = {55},
year = {2007}
}
@article{1668316,
abstract = {A novel internal global system for mobile communication/digital communication system (GSM/DCS) antenna suitable for application in mobile devices such as the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) phone is presented. The antenna has two radiating strips designed to operate at about 900 and 1800 MHz for GSM/DCS operation, and is backed by and short-circuited to a step-shaped ground plane. With the use of the step-shaped ground plane, which is to be placed at the top edge of the system ground plane of a PDA phone, the antenna can be employed in very close proximity to the possible RF shielding metal cases for battery and associated RF module/circuitry, with almost no degradation in the antenna performances. In addition, the antenna almost occupies no board space in the system ground plane, and is with a very small protruded length (3 mm only in this study) over the top edge of the system ground plane. The antenna is thus very promising to operate as an internal antenna, and in addition, shows an attractive electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) property with nearby conducting or RF elements inside a mobile device},
author = {Wong, Kin-Lu and Lin, Chun-I},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2006.879219},
file = {:Internal GSM,DCS antenna backed by a step-shaped ground plane for a PDA phone.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {1800 MHz,900 MHz,Antennas,Batteries,Circuits,Degradation,Digital communication,Distributed control,Electromagnetic compatibility,GSM,Mobile antennas,PDA phone,Personal digital assistants,RF circuitry,RF module,RF shielding metal cases,Radio frequency,UHF,UHF antennas,cellular radio,digital communication system,electromagnetic compatibility,electromagnetic compatibility property,global system for mobile communication,global system for mobile communication/digital com,internal GSM-DCS antenna,internal antenna,internal mobile phone antennas,mobile antennas,mobile devices,mobile handsets,personal digital assistant phone,radiating strips,step-shaped ground plane},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {8},
pages = {2408--2410},
title = {{Internal GSM/DCS antenna backed by a step-shaped ground plane for a PDA phone}},
volume = {54},
year = {2006}
}
@article{4200896,
abstract = {A novel dual-band printed loop antenna very promising for application in mobile phones as an internal antenna is presented. The antenna comprises an outer loop strip and an inner inverted-L strip connected to and enclosed by the outer loop strip. The antenna occupies a compact area of 15 times 50 mm2 only, yet generating three resonant modes to form two wide bands at about 900 and 1800 MHz for the Global System for Mobile Communication/Digital Communication System operation. Detailed design considerations of the three excited modes are described in the paper. When a shielding metal case is placed close to the antenna, small effects on the antenna's impedance matching are seen, allowing compact integration of the antenna with nearby conducting elements or electronic components. The antenna is also found to result in small excited surface current distributions on the system ground plane of the mobile phone. This behavior is expected to lead to reduced user's hand effects on the radiation efficiency of the antenna},
author = {Chi, Yun-Wen and Wong, Kin-Lu},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2007.895641},
file = {:Internal Compact Dual-Band Printed Loop Antenna for Mobile Phone Application.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {Antenna accessories,Broadband antennas,Digital communication,Dual band,Dual-band antennas,Electronic components,GSM,Global System for Mobile Communication,Impedance matching,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Resonance,UHF antennas,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,compact antenna,conducting element,digital communication,digital communication system,dual-band printed loop antenna,electronic component,impedance matching,inverted-L strip,loop antennas,loop strip,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone,mobile phone antennas,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antennas,printed antennas,printed loop antennas,radiation efficiency,resonant mode,shielding metal case},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {5},
pages = {1457--1462},
title = {{Internal Compact Dual-Band Printed Loop Antenna for Mobile Phone Application}},
volume = {55},
year = {2007}
}
@article{4030663,
abstract = {An internal modified monopole antenna for DVB-H band is presented. By extending the feeding line of the modified monopole and locating it over a ground plane, a wideband input impedance of 328 MHz within 6:1 VSWR is achieved. The proposed antenna has an approximately omnidirectional radiation pattern and yields greater than -3 dBi antenna gain covering DVB-H band. These features are suitable for DVB-H applications},
author = {Choi, D H and Yun, H S and Park, S.-O.},
doi = {10.1049/el:20062574},
file = {:Internal antenna with modified monopole type for DVB-H applications.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0013-5194},
journal = {Electronics Letters},
keywords = {470 to 860 MHz,DVB-H applications,UHF antennas,VSWR,antenna radiation patterns,digital video broadcasting,digital video broadcasting-handheld device,feeding line extension,internal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile television,modified monopole antenna,monopole antennas,omnidirectional radiation pattern,television antennas,wideband input impedance},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {25},
pages = {1436--1438},
title = {{Internal antenna with modified monopole type for DVB-H applications}},
volume = {42},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{4619606,
abstract = {UHF-band radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna for mobile handset applications is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a radiating element and a parasitic element connected to the ground plane. The radiation pattern of proposed antenna is orthogonal to that of a monopole antenna. The impedance bandwidth (902 MHz \~{} 923 MHz) covers a Korea mobile RFID service (908.55 MHz \~{} 913.95 MHz). The measured antenna peak gain is -0.37 dBi at 911 MHz.},
author = {Choi, Nakchung and Yu, Byunggil and Harackiewicz, F J and Park, Myun-Joo and Chung, Yong-Seek and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2008.4619606},
file = {:Internal antenna for UHF-band mobile RFID system.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,Gain measurement,Impedance measurement,Korea mobile RFID service,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,RFID tags,Radiofrequency identification,UHF antennas,UHF-band mobile RFID system,Wireless communication,antenna peak gain,antenna radiation pattern,antenna radiation patterns,frequency 902 MHz to 923 MHz,frequency 908.55 MHz to 913.95 MHz,ground plane,impedance bandwidth,internal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handset applications,mobile handsets,monopole antenna,monopole antennas,parasitic element,radiating element,radiofrequency identification,radiofrequency identification antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Internal antenna for UHF-band mobile RFID system}},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{1551593,
abstract = {Design of a multiband internal antenna for mobile handset applications is presented. Two antenna elements are formed on top and bottom of the common substrate and connected by metallic pin. Resonant frequency of each element is almost independent. Matching the impedance with the slit, a wide bandwidth is achieved so that the operating frequency bands include GSM (880-960 MHz), GPS (1575 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz), USPCS (1850-1990 MHz), and UMTS (1885-2200 MHz). Radiation patterns are omni-directional for all frequency bands. Details of the proposed antenna as well as the measured results are presented},
author = {Yoon, Heejun and Harackiewicz, F J and Rhyu, Hanphil and Park, Myun-Joo and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2005.1551593},
file = {:Internal antenna for multiband mobile handset applications.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,880 to 2200 MHz,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,DCS,Distributed control,GPS,GSM,Global Positioning System,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Resonant frequency,UHF antennas,UMTS,USPCS,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,internal antenna,metallic pin,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multiband mobile handset applications,multifrequency antennas,radiation patterns,resonant frequency},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {463--466 vol. 1B},
title = {{Internal antenna for multiband mobile handset applications}},
volume = {1B},
year = {2005}
}
@article{4388097,
abstract = {Modern personal communication handsets are shrinking in size and are required to operate at multiple frequency bands for enhanced functionality and performance. This poses an important challenge for antenna designers to build multiband antennas within the limited allowable space. In this paper, an internal antenna covering seven frequency bands is presented for personal communication handsets. The proposed antenna operates at GSM (880-960 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1880-1990 MHz), UMTS (1900-2170 MHz), WiBro (2300-2390 MHz), Bluetooth (2.4-2.48 GHz), and WLAN (5.0-5.5 GHz) frequency bands. Measured input return loss of the antenna is better than dB at all the frequency bands with reasonable radiation performance. Antenna volume is 30 mm times15 mm times 4.0 mm (1.8 cm) that makes it attractive for modern multiband and multifunctional slim handsets.},
author = {Bhatti, R A and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2007.910351},
file = {:Hepta-Band Internal Antenna for Personal Communication Handsets.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Bluetooth,Distributed control,Frequency measurement,GSM,Handset antenna,Loss measurement,Personal communication networks,Telephone sets,Wireless LAN,antenna design,antenna radiation patterns,hepta-band internal antenna,internal antennas,mobile handsets,multiband,multiband antennas,personal communication handsets,planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA),radiation performance,slim antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {12},
pages = {3398--3403},
title = {{Hepta-Band Internal Antenna for Personal Communication Handsets}},
volume = {55},
year = {2007}
}
@article{1302883,
abstract = {The development of electrically small antennas plays an important role in the rapidly growing mobile communication market. This work presents a novel design technique for a triple-band small internal antenna which covers the GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 bands. The proposed antenna consists of double shorting posts, feed post, and dual-crossed C-slot patch radiators. A high-frequency structure simulator simulation is employed for optimizing the design parameters, and the simulation results agree with the measured data. The IE3D simulation is also used to obtain the current distribution at the resonant frequencies. The maximum gains at the frequencies 950 and 1860 MHz are measured to be about 1.58 and 1.3 dBi, respectively. These positive antenna gains and triple-bands of the proposed antenna are very attractive features for GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 bands handset applications.},
author = {Shin, Yong-Sun and Kim, Byoung-Nam and Kwak, Won-Il and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2004.830021},
file = {:GSM DCS IMT-2000 triple-band built-in antenna for wireless terminals.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {1860 MHz,3G mobile communication,950 MHz,GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 antenna,PIFA,UHF antennas,built-in antenna,cellular radio,double shorting posts,dual-crossed C-slot patch radiators,electrically small antennas,feed post,microstrip antennas,mobile wireless terminals,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antenna,resonant frequencies current distribution,slot antennas,triple-band antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {1},
pages = {104--107},
title = {{GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 triple-band built-in antenna for wireless terminals}},
volume = {3},
year = {2004}
}
@inproceedings{4395574,
abstract = {A new folded planar monopole antenna is proposed for multiband operations. Measured impedance bandwidth (VSWR<3) is 20\% (820\~{}1000MHz) and 119.8\% (1570\~{}6270MHz) in low and high frequency, respectively. The proposed antenna can effectively cover most mobile communication bands (CDMA, GSM, GPS, DCS, PCS, and UMTS), WiBro, S-DMB and WLAN.},
author = {Kang, Yoon-Ho and Rhyu, Hanphil and Lee, Jin-Seong and Chung, Young-Seek and Baek, Seung Hoon and Harackiewicz, F J and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2007.4395574},
file = {:Folded planar monopole internal antenna for multi-band mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Frequency measurement,GSM,Global Positioning System,Impedance measurement,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Mobile handsets,Multiaccess communication,folded planar monopole internal antenna,mobile communication,mobile communication bands,mobile handsets,monopole antennas,multiband mobile phones,multiband operations,multifrequency antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {637--640},
title = {{Folded planar monopole internal antenna for multi-band mobile phones}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4429687,
abstract = {In this paper, we considered variations of the antenna characteristic about PIFA for mobile RFID Band when we held the mobile phone. So we studied antenna characteristic by feeding point variation of antenna. After all, we determined that antenna gets different effects after compared antenna characteristic about hand effect of each feeding point and studied the results.},
author = {Lim, Yo Han and Chang, Kihun and Yoon, Young-Joong and Kim, Yongjin},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference, 2006. APMC 2006. Asia-Pacific},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2006.4429687},
file = {:Feeding point determination regarding hand effect of PIFA for mobile RFID band.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna feeds,Antenna measurements,Humans,Impedance matching,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PIFA,Radiofrequency identification,Resonance,Resonant frequency,Telephone sets,antenna characteristic,feeding point,feeding point determination,hand effect,mobile RFID band,mobile handsets,mobile phone,planar inverted-F antennas,radiofrequency identification},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1482--1485},
title = {{Feeding point determination regarding hand effect of PIFA for mobile RFID band}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{4429687,
abstract = {In this paper, we considered variations of the antenna characteristic about PIFA for mobile RFID Band when we held the mobile phone. So we studied antenna characteristic by feeding point variation of antenna. After all, we determined that antenna gets different effects after compared antenna characteristic about hand effect of each feeding point and studied the results.},
author = {Lim, Yo Han and Chang, Kihun and Yoon, Young-Joong and Kim, Yongjin},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference, 2006. APMC 2006. Asia-Pacific},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2006.4429687},
file = {:Feeding point determination for PIFA type mobile phone handset internal antenna\_2006.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna feeds,Antenna measurements,Humans,Impedance matching,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PIFA,Radiofrequency identification,Resonance,Resonant frequency,Telephone sets,antenna characteristic,feeding point,feeding point determination,hand effect,mobile RFID band,mobile handsets,mobile phone,planar inverted-F antennas,radiofrequency identification},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1482--1485},
title = {{Feeding point determination regarding hand effect of PIFA for mobile RFID band}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{1551357,
abstract = {The paper presents a method for determining the best feeding point in the design of the internal antenna of a mobile phone handset. The use of an internal antenna, called intenna, has been increasing rapidly for recent state-of-the-art handsets. The main reasons for increasing intenna usage are not only new design concepts, but also because they have an excellent radiation performance compared with conventional helical stubby external antennas. There are several design parameters for PIFA type intennas, such as PIFA dimension, slit configuration, supporting carrier material and shape. Our study shows that the feeding point is also an important parameter, and bad feeding points can cause 2 to 10 dB gain reduction. The Ansoft HFSS simulation tool and Samsung SGH-X200, SGH-E800 and SGH-X650 GSM/DCS handset models are used for theoretical simulation and practical measurements.},
author = {Son, Taeho},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2005.1551357},
file = {:Feeding point determination for PIFA type mobile phone handset internal antenna\_2006.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna feeds,Antenna measurements,Computational modeling,Dipole antennas,Distributed control,GSM,GSM/DCS handset,Helical antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PIFA type antenna,Samsung handsets,Telephone sets,antenna feeds,feeding point determination,gain reduction,helical stubby external antennas,intenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone handset internal antenna,planar inverted-F antennas,radiation performance,slit configuration,supporting carrier material},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {475--478 Vol. 1A},
title = {{Feeding point determination for PIFA type mobile phone handset internal antenna}},
volume = {1A},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{4017742,
abstract = {Impedance and radiation characteristics of offset-fed slot antenna have been investigated for the reception of digital terrestrial TV broadcasting at 600 MHz including the effects of human hands. The proposed antenna is suitable for embedding at the back of notebook computers' display. First, the impedance characteristics of center-fed slot antenna have been obtained using finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Then the impedance characteristics of offset-fed slot antenna have been simulated until the optimum feed point is achieved. According to the optimum results of the simulations, actual offset-fed slot antenna has been constructed on 300 mm times 210 mm copper plate, and experimental results have been obtained for the input impedance. Finally the impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna have been simulated including the effect of human hands using FDTD method. And a self-adaptive feed circuit for offset-fed slot antennas in parallel is proposed utilizing the effects of human hands on the radiation characteristics},
author = {Rahim, M S and Maeda, T},
booktitle = {Electro/information Technology, 2006 IEEE International Conference on},
doi = {10.1109/EIT.2006.252130},
file = {:Exploiting the Effects of Human Hands on the Radiation Characteristics for the Implementation.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {600 MHz,Antenna feeds,Circuits,Computational modeling,Computer displays,Digital terrestrial TV broadcasting reception,Embedded computing,Finite difference methods,Humans,Impedance,Slot antennas,TV broadcasting,antenna feeds,digital terrestrial TV broadcasting,digital video broadcasting,finite difference time domain,finite difference time domain (FDTD) method,finite difference time-domain analysis,human hand effect,human hand's effect,impedance characteristics,offset fed slot antenna,offset fed slot antennas,offset-fed slot antenna,radiation characteristics,self adaptive feed circuit,self-adaptive feed circuit,slot antennas,television reception},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {483--487},
title = {{Exploiting the Effects of Human Hands on the Radiation Characteristics for the Implementation of Self-adaptive Feed Circuit of Offset-fed Slot Antennas in Parallel for the Reception of Digital Terrestrial TV Broadcasting}},
year = {2006}
}
@article{1528756,
abstract = {A novel patch antenna suitable to be applied in a mobile device as an internal antenna having an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) property with nearby conducting elements is presented. The antenna is easily fabricated from a single metal plate and mainly comprises a top patch and an inverted-L vertical ground wall. Due to the presence of the inverted-L ground wall, which is perpendicular to the system ground plane of the mobile device, the possible fringing EM fields in the surrounding region of the antenna are suppressed. In this case possible coupling between the antenna and the nearby conducting elements is expected to be small, and thus degrading effects on the performance of the antenna are eliminated. A design example of the proposed antenna for Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) 1920-2170 MHz operation in a mobile device is demonstrated and discussed.},
author = {Su, Chih-Ming and Wong, Kin-Lu and Tang, Chia-Lun and Yeh, Shih-Huang},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2005.858827},
file = {:EMC internal patch antenna for UMTS operation in a mobile device.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {1.920 to 2170 GHz,3G mobile communication,Antennas,Degradation,EMC,Electromagnetic compatibility,Electromagnetic devices,Geometry,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Mobile handsets,Patch antennas,Personal digital assistants,UHF antennas,UMTS operation,Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) a,antenna coupling,conducting element,electromagnetic compatibility,electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) antennas,electromagnetic coupling,internal mobile phone antennas,internal patch antenna,inverted-L vertical ground wall,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile device,universal mobile telecommunication system},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {11},
pages = {3836--3839},
title = {{EMC internal patch antenna for UMTS operation in a mobile device}},
volume = {53},
year = {2005}
}
@article{1208521,
abstract = {A compact dual-band planar inverted F antenna suitable for the application as a global system for mobile communication/digital communication system (GSM/DCS) dual-band mobile phone internal antenna is proposed and implemented. The proposed antenna has three resonant elements, two meandered metallic strips of slightly different lengths and one nearly-rectangular patch, which are printed on a supporting FR4 substrate and arranged in a compact configuration. These three resonant elements share a common shorting pin, and for the GSM (890-960 MHz) operation, the proposed antenna is operated with the two meandered strips both resonated as a quarter-wavelength structure, leading to a wide bandwidth formed by two resonant modes. For the upper band of the proposed antenna, three resonant modes are generated, two from the second higher-order modes of the two meandered strips and one from the nearly-rectangular patch, leading to a wide bandwidth covering the DCS band (1710-1880 MHz). The antenna design and experimental results are presented.},
author = {Yeh, Shih-Huang and Wong, Kin-Lu and Chiou, Tzung-Wern and Fang, Shyh-Tirng},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2003.811524},
file = { ual-band planar inverted F antenna for GSM DCS mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {1710 to 1880 MHz,890 to 960 MHz,Bandwidth,Digital communication,Distributed control,Dual band,GSM,GSM/DCS mobile phones,Geometry,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Resonance,UHF antennas,antenna design,cellular radio,digital radio,dual-band planar antenna,higher-order modes,inverted F antenna,meandered metallic strips,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,nearly-rectangular patch,quarter-wavelength structure,resonant elements,shorting pin},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {5},
pages = {1124--1126},
title = {{Dual-band planar inverted F antenna for GSM/DCS mobile phones}},
volume = {51},
year = {2003}
}
@inproceedings{1551360,
abstract = {This paper presents a novel compact internal antenna with the modified planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) type and investigates the influence of the handset case and battery. The proposed antenna operates at KPCS (1750-1870 MHz), and Bluetooth (2400-2483.5 MHz) bands in a practical handset. The represented antenna can be easily installed in practical handsets with the small size. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna (VSWR < 2) shows 140 MHz in KPCS band and 90 MHz in Bluetooth. Numerical simulation and experiment results are performed considering the antenna and the telephone case and battery.},
author = {Cho, Young-Jun and Hwang, Soon-Ho and Ishida, O and Park, Seong-Ook},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2005.1551360},
file = {ual-band internal antenna of PIFA type for mobile handsets and the effect of the handset case and battery.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {140 MHz,1750 to 1870 MHz,2400 to 2483.5 MHz,90 MHz,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Batteries,Bluetooth,Computer aided software engineering,Dual band,KPCS,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Mobile handsets,PIFA type,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,antenna radiation patterns,battery,compact internal antenna,dual-band internal antenna,handset case,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,numerical analysis,numerical simulation,personal communication networks,planar inverted F antenna,planar inverted-F antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {487--490 Vol. 1A},
title = {{Dual-band internal antenna of PIFA type for mobile handsets and the effect of the handset case and battery}},
volume = {1A},
year = {2005}
}
@article{1377633,
abstract = {A novel dual-band flat-plate antenna with a shorted parasitic element for an internal laptop antenna for WLAN operation is presented. The proposed antenna is suitable to be integrated with the supporting metal frame for the display of the laptop and shows a low profile of 5 mm above the metal frame, thus making it easily embedded within the casing of the laptop as an internal antenna. Moreover, the proposed antenna can provide two separate impedance bandwidths of 190 MHz (about 8\% centered at 2.4 GHz) and 2140 MHz (about 39\% centered at 5.5 GHz), making it easily cover the required bandwidths for WLAN operation in the 2.4 GHz band (about 3.4\% bandwidth required) and 5.2/5.8 GHz bands (about 13\% bandwidth required). The proposed antenna is studied in detail in this study, and experimental and simulation results are presented.},
author = {Wong, Kin-Lu and Chou, Liang-Che and Su, Chih-Ming},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2004.838754},
file = {ual-band flat-plate antenna with a shorted parasitic element for laptop applications.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {190 MHz,2.4 GHz,2140 MHz,Antennas and propagation,Application software,Bandwidth,Computer displays,Dual band,Embedded computing,Fabrication,Impedance,Portable computers,WLAN operation,Wireless LAN,antenna radiation patterns,dual-band flat-plate antenna,laptop antennas,laptop application,laptop computers,microstrip antennas,multifrequency antennas,shorted parasitic element,wireless LAN,wireless local area networks},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {1},
pages = {539--544},
title = {{Dual-band flat-plate antenna with a shorted parasitic element for laptop applications}},
volume = {53},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{1330296,
abstract = {A dual and wide band internal antenna with a low profile, compact size and light-weight is required for a personal computer (PC) in high-speed wireless LAN systems, such as IEEE 802.11a using the 5 GHz band (5.15-5.875 GHz), and IEEE 802.11b/g using the 2.4 GHz band (2.4-2.5 GHz). Many types of antennas have been proposed and investigated. The paper proposes a compact dual and wide band internal planar antenna for a PC in wireless LAN systems. The results calculated using an electromagnetic simulator are described to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed antenna. Good impedance and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained.},
author = {Iwasaki, H and Tokairin, N and Tamakuma, K},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2004. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2004.1330296},
file = {:Dual and wide band internal planar antenna for wireless LAN.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {2.4 to 2.5 GHz,5.15 to 5.875 GHz,Antenna feeds,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,Broadband antennas,Dual band,Electromagnetic radiation,IEEE 802.11a,IEEE 802.11b,IEEE 802.11g,Impedance,PIFA,Planar arrays,Resonance,UHF antennas,Wireless LAN,antenna radiation patterns,broadband antennas,dual band antenna,electric impedance,impedance characteristics,internal antenna,microwave antennas,mobile antennas,mobile communication,mobile communication systems,multifrequency antennas,planar antenna,planar inverted-F antenna,radiation pattern characteristics,wide band antenna,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {4276--4279 Vol.4},
title = {{Dual and wide band internal planar antenna for wireless LAN}},
volume = {4},
year = {2004}
}
@inproceedings{4395675,
abstract = {The modification of the ground plane is studied to mitigate user's hand effect of a mobile handset. GSM/DCS band internal antenna is designed on three types of ground plane. Variation of the resonant frequency and radiation efficiency for each case is analyzed by using a hand phantom. From the measured results, the proposed structure of the ground plane in this work can reduce the hand effect compared with the conventional ground plane.},
author = {Jung, Jun-Mo and Kim, Sung-Joo and Kong, Ki-Hyun and Lee, Jin-Seong and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2007.4395675},
file = {:Designing ground plane to reduce hand effects on mobile handsets.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antennas and propagation,Bandwidth,Degradation,Distributed control,GSM,GSM-DCS band internal antenna,Imaging phantoms,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Resonant frequency,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,ground plane,hand phantom,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,radiation efficiency,resonant frequency},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1040--1043},
title = {{Designing ground plane to reduce hand effects on mobile handsets}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4619909,
abstract = {The proposed internal antenna for UWB mobile application is presented. The wideband characteristic is obtained by using the two symmetrical radiators on top and bottom layer with a L-shaped ground. The antenna has compact in size and can be easily integrated on PCB. Since the manufactured antenna has good impedance bandwidth and approximately omni-directional radiation patterns, the proposed antenna can be easily adopted to an UWB mobile terminals.},
author = {Lee, Youngki and Hong, Seokjin and Kim, Jeongpyo and Kim, Gio and Seong, Wonmo and Choi, Jaehoon},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2008.4619909},
file = {:Design of an ultra-wideband internal antenna using symmetrical radiators for mobile application.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antenna radiation patterns,Antennas and propagation,Bandwidth,Frequency,Impedance matching,L-shaped ground,Loss measurement,Mobile antennas,PCB,UWB mobile application,UWB mobile terminals,Ultra wideband antennas,Ultra wideband technology,antenna radiation patterns,directive antennas,impedance bandwidth,mobile antennas,mobile radio,omni-directional radiation patterns,symmetrical radiators,ultra wideband antennas,ultra-wideband internal antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Design of an ultra-wideband internal antenna using symmetrical radiators for mobile application}},
year = {2008}
}
@article{1603583,
abstract = {This letter presents a novel wideband planar inverted F-antenna, which covers GSM850/DCS1800/DCS1900/ IMT2000/WLAN/DMB services at the same time. The proposed antenna consists of a main patch with a pair of slant slits and L-shaped patch and occupies a total volume of 15times44times8mm3. The triple frequency bands are obtained by changing the length and width of a slant slit 1 on the main patch. A very wide impedance bandwidth characteristic is achieved by optimizing not only the length and height of a L-shaped patch between the main patch and ground plane but also the length and width of a pair of slits on the main patch which is excited by the modified coplanar waveguide-feed. Good broadside radiation patterns are achieved for all six-frequency bands of interest},
author = {Park, Hoon and Chung, Kyungho and Choi, Jaehoon},
doi = {10.1109/LMWC.2006.869866},
file = {:Design of a planar inverted-F Antenna with very wide impedance bandwidth.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1531-1309},
journal = {Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {Antenna accessories,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,Broadband antennas,Coplanar waveguides,Digital multimedia broadcasting,Impedance,Internal antenna,L-shaped patch,Microwave antennas,Resonant frequency,UHF antennas,Wireless LAN,antenna feeds,antenna radiation patterns,broadband antennas,broadside radiation pattern,coplanar waveguides,impedance matching,internal antenna,modified coplanar waveguide,multiband antenna,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antenna,planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA),planar inverted-F antennas,slant slit,triple frequency band,wide impedance bandwidth,wideband antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {3},
pages = {113--115},
title = {{Design of a planar inverted-F Antenna with very wide impedance bandwidth}},
volume = {16},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{4429035,
abstract = {Modern personal communication handsets are required to operate at multiple frequency bands for location independent operation and enhanced functionality. This poses an important challenge for antenna designers to build multiband antennas within the limited allowable space. In this paper, a compact PIFA based internal antenna is proposed for GPS, DCS, PCS, UMTS, WiBro, ISM/Bluetooth and WLAN standards. Measured VSWR of the antenna is within the acceptable limit over all the frequency bands with reasonable radiation performance. Height of the antenna is 4.0 mm resulting in a total volume of 2.4 cm3 that makes it attractive for modern slim personal communication handsets.},
author = {Bhatti, R A and Yoon, Hyung-Sik and Park, Seong-Ook},
booktitle = {TENCON 2007 - 2007 IEEE Region 10 Conference},
doi = {10.1109/TENCON.2007.4429035},
file = {:Design of a novel multiband internal antenna for personal communication handsets.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {DCS,Distributed control,Frequency,GPS,Global Positioning System,ISM/Bluetooth,Mobile antennas,Multifrequency antennas,PCS,PIFA,Personal communication networks,Resonance,Slot antennas,Telephone sets,UMTS,WLAN,WiBro,Wireless LAN,handset antenna,internal antennas,location independent operation,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multiband,multiband internal antenna,multifrequency antennas,multiple frequency bands,personal communication handsets,personal communication networks,slim antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--3},
title = {{Design of a novel multiband internal antenna for personal communication handsets}},
year = {2007}
}
@article{1210765,
abstract = {A multiband internal antenna is introduced. The antenna consists of a driven meander-line element and two parasitic elements. The design is particularly unique since it supports the third generation mobile phone handsets where multiband operation is greatly desired. The proposed antenna operates effectively in the AMPS 800 (824-894 MHz), GSM 900 (880-960 MHz), and GSM 1900 (1850-1990 MHz) bands within 2.5:1 voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Detail design criteria with respect to geometrical parameter variation are given. Experimental data (VSWR and pattern) obtained from a laboratory prototype are also presented.},
author = {Ali, M and Hayes, G J and Hwang, Huan-Sheng and Sadler, R A},
doi = {10.1109/TAP.2003.812282},
file = {:Design of a multiband internal antenna for third generation mobile phone handsets.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-926X},
journal = {Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {1850 to 1990 MHz,3G mobile communication,824 to 894 MHz,880 to 960 MHz,AMPS 800 band,Bandwidth,Broadband antennas,GSM,GSM 1900 band,GSM 900 band,Laboratories,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Mobile handsets,Prototypes,Telephone sets,VSWR,Voltage,antenna patterns,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,internal antenna,meander-line element,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multiband antenna,multifrequency antennas,parasitic elements,third generation mobile phone handsets,voltage standing wave ratio},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {7},
pages = {1452--1461},
title = {{Design of a multiband internal antenna for third generation mobile phone handsets}},
volume = {51},
year = {2003}
}
@inproceedings{1606771,
abstract = {An internal antenna for GSM (880?920MHz), DCS (1710?1880MHz), and US-PCS (1850?1990MHz) mobile handset is proposed. The antenna is designed to have a multi-band operation and includes feed line, patch and matching stub. It has a single radiating element and operates in multi-band by a matching circuit. The measured peak gain is 0.11dBi, 1.65dBi and 0.13dBi for GSM, DCS, and US-PCS, respectively.},
author = {Rhyu, Hanphil and Jung, Byungwoon and Harackiewicz, F J and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference Proceedings, 2005. APMC 2005. Asia-Pacific Conference Proceedings},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2005.1606771},
file = {:Design of a multi-band internal antenna using an open stub.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna feeds,Circuit simulation,DCS,Distributed control,GSM,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,RLC circuits,Resonance,Resonant frequency,UHF antennas,US-PCS,antenna feeds,matching circuit,method of moments,microstrip antennas,mobile handset,mobile handsets,multi-band internal antenna,multifrequency antennas,open stub,radiating element},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {4 pp.--},
title = {{Design of a multi-band internal antenna using an open stub}},
volume = {4},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{4554918,
abstract = {In this paper, we propose a compact internal antenna for modern slim personal communication handsets that require reduced height multi-band antennas for location independent operation. The antenna operates at DCS, PCS, UMTS, WiBro, ISM/Bluetooth and WLAN (5.17 - 5.85 GHz) standards. Measured return loss of the antenna is better than -10 dB with acceptable radiation performance at all the targeted frequency bands. Height of the antenna is 4.0 mm resulting in a total volume of 1.5 cm3 that makes it attractive for modern slim personal communication handsets.},
author = {Bhatti, R A and Nguyen, Ngoc-Anh and Nguyen, Viet-Anh and Park, Seong-Ook},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference, 2007. APMC 2007. Asia-Pacific},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2007.4554918},
file = {:Design of a Compact Internal Antenna for Multi-Band Personal Communication Handsets.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Bluetooth,Bluetooth standards,DCS standards,Distributed control,Frequency measurement,ISM standards,Loss measurement,PCS standards,PIFA,Performance loss,Personal communication networks,Telephone sets,UMTS standards,WLAN standards,WiBro standards,Wireless LAN,compact internal antenna,frequency 5.17 GHz to 5.85 GHz,handset antenna,internal antennas,location independent operation,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multiband,multiband antennas,multiband personal communication handsets,multifrequency antennas,personal communication networks,slim antenna,slim personal communication handsets,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Design of a Compact Internal Antenna for Multi-Band Personal Communication Handsets}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{1219943,
abstract = {This paper presents FDTD design analysis of a dual-band loop wire antenna for a 900/1800 MHz mobile handset with consideration of the human hand and head effects. The loop wire antenna, with a small gap of a 1 FDTD-cell size (2.5 mm) is mounted on a metallic box covered by a plastic coating. The human head is modeled as a multilayered superquadric ellipsoid. This model can cover the cases of a sphere, ellipsoid, square cube, or rectangular cube, which facilitate the modeling of the head-shape and tissue properties. The superquadric ellipsoidal head model (with ears) comprises 9 different tissues of skin, cartilage, fat, muscle, bone, blood, nerve, brain, and eye-lens. Considering the proximity between the handset held by hand and the ear of a head, a y-oriented loop wire antenna is positioned at a distance of 1.25 cm. FDTD computation and experimental measurement of the antenna VSWR (mounted on a metallic box with a plastic coating) in free space and held by a hand close to a head is performed. The radiation characteristics of the loop antenna affected by the head and the SAR (specific absorption rate) distribution are important for antenna design and RF exposure studies.},
author = {Kuo, Liang-Cheng and Chuang, Huey-Ru},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2003. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2003.1219943},
file = {:Design of a 900 1800 MHz dual-band loop antenna mounted on a handset considering the human hand and head effects.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1.25 cm,1800 MHz,2.5 mm,900 MHz,Coatings,Dual band,Ear,Ellipsoids,FDTD,Finite difference methods,Humans,Plastics,SAR distribution,Telephone sets,Time domain analysis,UHF antennas,Wire,blood,bone,brain,cartilage,dual-band loop antenna,electromagnetic wave absorption,eye-lens,fat,finite difference time-domain analysis,handset ear proximity,head tissue properties,head-shape modeling,human hand effects,human head effects,loop antennas,mobile handset mounted antenna,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,multilayered superquadric ellipsoid model,muscle,nerve,plastic coated metallic box,skin,specific absorption rate,wire antennas,y-oriented wire antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {701--704 vol.3},
title = {{Design of a 900/1800 MHz dual-band loop antenna mounted on a handset considering the human hand and head effects}},
volume = {3},
year = {2003}
}
@article{4138066,
abstract = {Multi-band operation of an internal antenna for mobile phones is achieved by using a practically simple matching circuit constructed on a PCB. The matching circuit consists of a coplanar waveguide and lumped elements on a PCB. Simulation is conducted to verify the new idea of generating the multi-band operation, and the performance of the antenna is measured},
author = {Lee, J.-S. and Rhyu, H and Lee, B},
doi = {10.1049/el:20070282},
file = {:Design concept of multi-band antenna with resonant circuit on PCB.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0013-5194},
journal = {Electronics Letters},
keywords = {PCB,coplanar waveguide,coplanar waveguide components,lumped elements,matching circuit,mobile antennas,mobile phones,multiband antenna,multifrequency antennas,printed circuits,resonant circuit},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {6},
pages = {5--6},
title = {{Design concept of multi-band antenna with resonant circuit on PCB}},
volume = {43},
year = {2007}
}
@article{5560716,
abstract = {A compact internal wideband antenna suitable for integration with the printed circuit board (PCB) of a wireless universal serial bus (WUSB) dongle is presented in this letter. The proposed antenna mainly comprises a folded metal plate with two sides beveled and a short-circuited pin connected to the system ground plane. Within the short-circuited pin, the impedance bandwidth improved from 53\% to about 136\%, and a large measured operational bandwidth from 2.3 to 10.8 GHz is obtained, which easily covers the Wibro, WLAN, WiMAX, S-DMB, and UWB frequency bands. Due to the simple configuration and miniaturized geometry of 5 ?12.5 ?16 mm3, the proposed antenna is easy to be fabricated by bending a sample metal plate. Details of the antenna design are described, and experimental results of the constructed prototypes are presented and discussed. Moreover, the effects of a laptop on the radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are also studied.},
author = {Gong, Jin-Gang and Jiao, Yong-Chang and Li, Qiao and Song, Yue and Wang, Jian},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2010.2072950},
file = {:Compact internal antenna using a ferrite material for DVB-H reception in mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antenna radiation patterns,Broadband antennas,Folded antenna,Universal Serial Bus,Wideband,Wireless communication,antenna radiation patterns,broadband antennas,compact internal wideband antenna,frequency 2.3 GHz to 10.8 GHz,impedance bandwidth,internal antenna,printed circuit board,radiation pattern,radio networks,wideband antenna,wireless USB dongle application,wireless universal serial bus,wireless universal serial bus (WUSB) dongle applic},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {879--882},
title = {{Compact Internal Wideband Antenna for Wireless USB Dongle Application}},
volume = {9},
year = {2010}
}
@inproceedings{4619462,
abstract = {A compact internal antenna with a partially filled ferrite substrate for DVB-H (digital video broadcast for handheld) reception in a mobile phone is proposed. Ferrite substrate whose relative permittivity (epsivr ) and permeability (mur) are 7 and 18, respectively, is used to effectively reduce the antenna size. Measured results show that the proposed antenna can work well for DVB-H applications.},
author = {Kim, Byeongkwan and Rhyu, Hanphil and Lee, In-Young and Byun, Joonho and Lee, Byungje},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2008.4619462},
file = {:Compact internal antenna using a ferrite material for DVB-H reception in mobile phones.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna accessories,Antenna measurements,Antennas and propagation,DVB-H reception,Digital video broadcasting,Ferrites,Loaded antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Permeability,Permittivity,digital video broadcast for handheld,digital video broadcasting,ferrite material,ferrites,internal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phones,permeability,permittivity,reception,relative permeability,relative permittivity},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Compact internal antenna using a ferrite material for DVB-H reception in mobile phones}},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{1711603,
abstract = {A novel five-band planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) for mobile phones is presented. In this antenna, helical feed, folded patch, and two long slots are employed for compact size and wide bandwidths. Specially, the two slots are effectively used to design low/high resonant frequencies independently. The designed antenna with size of 38 times 12 times 7 mm3 covers DCN (824-894 MHz), GSM (880-960 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz), USPCS (1850-1990 MHz), and WCDMA (1920-2170 MHz) within 3.0:1 voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Details of the antenna as well as the measured results are described},
author = {Han, Min-Seok and Kim, Hong-Teuk},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2006, IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2006.1711603},
file = {:Compact Five Band Internal Antenna for Mobile Phone.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1710 to 1880 MHz,1850 to 1990 MHz,1920 to 2170 MHz,824 to 894 MHz,880 to 960 MHz,Antenna feeds,Bandwidth,DCN,DCS,Distributed control,GSM,Helical antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Multiaccess communication,PIFA,Resonant frequency,Slot antennas,UHF antennas,USPCS,VSWR,WCDMA,antenna feeds,cellular radio,compact five band internal antenna,five-band planar inverted-F antenna,folded patch,helical feed,microstrip antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antennas,resonant frequencies,slot antennas,voltage standing wave ratio,wideband code division multiple access},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {4381--4384},
title = {{Compact Five Band Internal Antenna for Mobile Phone}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{1330295,
abstract = {The paper presents a novel internal antenna of a planar monopole type. The proposed antenna, fed by a 50 $\Omega$ microstrip line, operates at DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1750-1870 MHz), and IMT-2000 (1885-2200 MHz) bands. The size of the antenna, not including the support, is 20?7?.2 mm3. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna (S11<10 dB) is 740 MHz, from 1620 MHz to 2360 MHz. Numerical simulation and experiment results are performed taking into consideration the antenna itself, the phone case, and the battery.},
author = {Shin, Y S and Park, S.-O.},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2004. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2004.1330295},
file = {:Broadband internal antenna of planar monopole type for mobile handsets.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {0.2 mm,1620 to 2360 MHz,17 mm,20 mm,3G mobile communication,740 MHz,Bandwidth,Broadband antennas,Ceramics,Copper,DCS,Distributed control,IMT-2000,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCS,Personal communication networks,Shape,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,antenna feeds,antenna radiation patterns,broadband antennas,broadband internal antenna,cellular radio,digital radio,microstrip line feed,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,monopole antennas,personal communication networks,planar monopole antenna,radiation patterns},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {4272--4275 Vol.4},
title = {{Broadband internal antenna of planar monopole type for mobile handsets}},
volume = {4},
year = {2004}
}
@inproceedings{874941,
abstract = {This investigation focuses on the interaction between the internal antenna and the PCB of a mobile phone. It can be shown, that the impedance bandwidth of planar inverted-F antennas mounted on a PCB is different from that of the antennas mounted on an infinite ground plane. The reason is the special functioning of the PCB as a finite ground plane on one hand and as an active counterpole of the antenna on the other hand. The results show that the electrical functioning of the PCB depends strongly on the antenna orientation, and that the location of the antenna on the PCB is very important for the resulting bandwidth and for the radiation properties. The measurements and simulation results of this investigation give some basic ideas how the bandwidth and the radiation properties of an internal antenna in a mobile phone can be optimized.},
author = {Geissler, M and Heberling, D and Wolff, I},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2000. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2000.874941},
file = {:Bandwidth and radiation properties of internal handset antennas.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1800 MHz,Antenna accessories,Antenna measurements,Antenna theory,Bandwidth,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCB,Resonance,Resonant frequency,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,active counterpole,antenna location,antenna orientation,antenna radiation patterns,bandwidth,bandwidth properties,electric impedance,electrical function,finite ground plane,impedance bandwidth,internal handset antennas,measurements,mobile antennas,mobile phone,planar inverted-F antennas,printed circuits,radiation properties,simulation results,telephone sets},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {2246--2249 vol.4},
title = {{Bandwidth and radiation properties of internal handset antennas}},
volume = {4},
year = {2000}
}
@inproceedings{1320666,
abstract = {Automatic antenna tuning circuitry is presented for high Q printed antennas. It is applied in a general purpose 0.6 $\mu$m BiCMOS transmitter chip devoted to short range applications in the ISM bands (315, 434, 868 and 915 MHz). The circuitry maintains maximum output power without the application of external matching circuit and/or costly tuning procedures usually required to counter technological spreading. Real time compensation of environmental variations such as "hand effect" is also possible. As the efficiency of the driver stage is close to maximum with high Q antennas, the power consumption is reduced at the targeted output power ranges (-20...+10 dBm).},
author = {Zolomy, A and Mernyei, Ferenc and Erdelyi, J and Pardoen, M and Toth, G},
booktitle = {Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2004. Digest of Papers. 2004 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/RFIC.2004.1320666},
file = {:Automatic antenna tuning for RF transmitter IC applying high Q antenna.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1529-2517},
keywords = {0.6 micron,315 MHz,434 MHz,868 MHz,915 MHz,BiCMOS integrated circuits,Circuit optimization,Counting circuits,Driver circuits,Energy consumption,ISM bands,Power generation,Q-factor,RF transmitter IC,Radio frequency,Radiofrequency integrated circuits,Transmitters,Transmitting antennas,UHF antennas,UHF integrated circuits,automatic antenna tuning circuitry,bill of material,circuit tuning,compensation,driver stage efficiency,environmental degradation,general purpose BiCMOS transmitter chip,hand effect,high Q antenna,integrated circuit measurement,maximum output power,microstrip antennas,power consumption,radio transmitters,real time environmental variations compensation,short range applications,targeted output power ranges,technological spreading,transmitting antennas,tuning procedures},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {501--504},
title = {{Automatic antenna tuning for RF transmitter IC applying high Q antenna}},
year = {2004}
}
@inproceedings{1551589,
abstract = {By using a branch-line shorting strip, a novel planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) suitable for the application as a GSM/DCS/PCS tri-band mobile phone internal antenna has been obtained. The proposed antenna has three resonant elements, two shorter radiating strips of slightly different lengths and one longer radiating strip, which are fabricated via stamping process and supported by a plastic holder. These three resonant elements share the branch-line shorting strip and generate three resonant modes, one on lower band from the first-order mode of the longer radiating strip for the EGSM (880-960 MHz) operation and two on upper band which is generated by the two shorter radiation strips, leading to a wide bandwidth covering the DCS (1710-1880 MHz) and PCS (1850-1990 MHz) bands. The proposed antenna has also a good radiation performance as the radiation efficiency more than 50\%. Details of the antenna design and experimental results are presented and discussed},
author = {Chen, Wen-Shyang and Chang, Ping-Cheng and Chiu, Tsung-Wen and Hsiao, Fu-Ren},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2005.1551589},
file = {:An embedded tri-band planar inverted-F antenna with a branch-line shorting strip.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {880 to 1990 MHz,Bandwidth,DCS,Distributed control,GSM,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCS,PIFA,Personal communication networks,Plastics,Resonance,Strips,UHF antennas,antenna design,antenna radiation patterns,branch-line shorting strip,cellular radio,embedded tri-band planar inverted-F antenna,mobile antennas,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antennas,radiating strips,resonant elements,stamping process,strip lines,tri-band mobile phone internal antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {447--450 vol. 1B},
title = {{An embedded tri-band planar inverted-F antenna with a branch-line shorting strip}},
volume = {1B},
year = {2005}
}
@article{933317,
abstract = {For pt.I see ibid., vol.50, no.3, p.830-44 (2001). In Part I of this two-part paper, we described the effective gain characteristics of the handset diversity antenna comprising a retractable whip antenna and a built-in planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). In order to achieve a high diversity effect, the correlation between the diversity branches must be small while at the same time maintaining a high effective gain, and this is contained in this paper. Further analysis includes an evaluation of the diversity gain with which the diversity effect shown by the analyses of the effective gain in Part I and the correlation in Part II is described. In addition, the mechanism for obtaining a small correlation coefficient is clarified by investigating the amplitude and phase radiation patterns when the whip length and the body inclination angle are changed. From these we obtain various numerical results that provide sufficient insight for design purposes. The validity of the analytical results is verified by an experiment in an indoor radio wave propagation environment},
author = {Ogawa, K and Matsuyoshi, T and Monma, K},
doi = {10.1109/25.933317},
file = {:An analysis of the performance of a handset diversity antenna influenced by head 900 MHz II.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-9545},
journal = {Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {900 MHz,Antenna radiation patterns,Antenna theory,Antennas and propagation,Bit error rate,Diversity methods,Humans,Indoor radio communication,PIFA,Performance analysis,Receiving antennas,Telephone sets,UHF,UHF antennas,UHF radio propagation,amplitude radiation pattern,antenna radiation patterns,body inclination angle,built-in planar inverted F antenna,correlation characteristics,correlation coefficient,correlation methods,diversity branches,diversity gain,diversity reception,effective gain characteristics,hand effects,handset diversity antenna,head effects,high diversity effect,indoor radio,indoor radio wave propagation environment,land mobile radio,mobile antennas,mobile radio signal,performance analysis,phase radiation pattern,retractable whip antenna,shoulder effects,whip length},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {3},
pages = {845--853},
title = {{An analysis of the performance of a handset diversity antenna influenced by head, hand, and shoulder effects at 900 MHz .II. Correlation characteristics}},
volume = {50},
year = {2001}
}
@article{933316,
abstract = {A diversity antenna for portable telephones, which Is composed of a whip antenna and a planar inverted F-antenna (PIFA) operating at 900 MHz, has been analyzed. The analysis includes the electromagnetic effects of a human operator. Wire-grid analysis yielded the radiation efficiency, mean effective gain, correlation coefficient, and diversity gain characteristics under various incident wave propagation environments with whip length, head-to radio separation, and inclination of the radio from the vertical as parameters. The analysis has been carried out using a homogeneous human phantom model, which includes a head, a hand, and a left shoulder. The effective gain characteristics in multipath propagation environments is described. The analytical results indicate the structural and environmental requirements for designing the diversity antenna with a high diversity effect under practical use conditions},
author = {Ogawa, K and Matsuyoshi, T},
doi = {10.1109/25.933316},
file = {:An analysis of the performance of a handset diversity antenna influenced by head 900 MHz I.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-9545},
journal = {Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {900 MHz,Antennas and propagation,Diversity methods,Electromagnetic analysis,Electromagnetic propagation,Electromagnetic radiation,Humans,Imaging phantoms,PIFA,Performance analysis,Telephone sets,Telephony,UHF,UHF antennas,UHF radio propagation,amplification,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,cellular telephone services,correlation coefficient,diversity antenna design,diversity gain characteristics,diversity reception,effective gain characteristics,electromagnetic effects,environmental requirements,hand effects,handset diversity antenna,head effects,head-to radio separation,high diversity effect,homogeneous human phantom model,human operator,incident wave propagation environments,left shoulder,mean effective gain,mobile antennas,multipath channels,multipath propagation environments,performance analysis,planar inverted F-antenna,portable telephones,radiation efficiency,radio inclination,shoulder effects,structural requirements,telephone sets,whip antenna,whip length,wire-grid analysis},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {3},
pages = {830--844},
title = {{An analysis of the performance of a handset diversity antenna influenced by head, hand, and shoulder effects at 900 MHz .I. Effective gain characteristics}},
volume = {50},
year = {2001}
}
@article{1532169,
abstract = {This letter suggests a novel miniature wideband internal antenna with dual monopole radiation elements for operating at multiband handset applications. It consists of two radiation monopole elements with parallel connection in the limited handset interior space. The proposed antenna can be easily placed in practical handsets because of the small size of 20?7?.5 mm3. The measured bandwidth of the proposed antenna shows about 1 GHz from 1.71 (DCS band) to 2.71 GHz (Bluetooth band) with VSWR below 2. It also resonates at global position system (GPS) band of 1.57542 GHz. The electrical and structural characteristics of the proposed antenna make it attractive for use in mobile handset applications.},
author = {Cho, Young Jun and Shin, Yong Sun and Hwang, Soon Ho and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2005.857969},
file = {:A wideband internal antenna with dual monopole radiation elements.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {1.71 to 2.71 GHz,Bandwidth,Bluetooth,Bluetooth band,Broadband antennas,Distributed control,Dual-structure,Feeds,Global Position System,Global Positioning System,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Telephone sets,VSWR,antenna radiation patterns,broadband antennas,dual monopole radiation elements,internal antenna,mobile antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handset applications,mobile handsets,monopole,monopole antenna arrays,multiband handset applications,multifrequency antennas,wideband,wideband internal antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {381--384},
title = {{A wideband internal antenna with dual monopole radiation elements}},
volume = {4},
year = {2005}
}
@article{1516238,
abstract = {An internal triple-band antenna fed by a microstrip line is proposed for operating at PCS, IMT-2000, and Bluetooth bands. As a starting point, a two-branch meander-line antenna is used to achieve the desired resonant frequency. A broadband characteristic for each band can be optimized by tuning the parts of radiating meander lines and size of each strip line segment. Considering normal use situation, the initially designed structure of the proposed antenna is extended and modified to tune the desired frequency bandwidth on the placement of handset case and battery, and in the presence of the head. Detailed model of the handset case is implemented to check the effects of the phone case and battery on the antenna performance. The return loss and radiation patterns from the proposed antenna built in a phone case in the presence of the phantom head are presented. It is found that the battery and human head have a strong influence on the antenna input impedance, radiation patterns, and gain for the internal antenna configurations. The computational values are presented to validate the experimental results.},
author = {Sim, Dong-Uk and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/TEMC.2005.850695},
file = {:A triple-band internal antenna design and performance in presence of the handset case, battery, and human head.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0018-9375},
journal = {Electromagnetic Compatibility, IEEE Transactions on},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,Batteries,Bluetooth,Bluetooth bands,Handsets,Humans,IMT-2000,Microstrip antennas,Personal communication networks,Resonant frequency,Telephone sets,Tuning,antenna feeds,antenna radiation patterns,battery,biological effects of fields,broadband characteristic,frequency bandwidth,handset case,human head,internal antennas,microstrip line,microstrip lines,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,phantom,radiation patterns,strip line segment,triple-band antennas,triple-band internal antenna,two-branch meander-line antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
number = {3},
pages = {658--666},
title = {{A triple-band internal antenna: design and performance in presence of the handset case, battery, and human head}},
volume = {47},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{1016021,
abstract = {A novel multi-band internal antenna is introduced. The antenna operates in the AMPS (824-894 MHz), GSM (880-960 MHz), and PCS (1850-1990 MHz) bands within a VSWR of 2.5:1. The size of the antenna is 50 mm by 10 mm by 6 mm. The radiation pattern of the antenna is nearly uniform with some directional properties in the high frequency band.},
author = {Ali, M and Hayes, G J and Hwang, H S and Sadler, R A},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2002. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2002.1016021},
file = {:A triple-band internal antenna for mobile hand-held terminals.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1850 to 1990 MHz,824 to 894 MHz,880 to 960 MHz,AMPS,Bandwidth,Directive antennas,Frequency,GSM,Joining processes,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,PCS,Personal communication networks,Printed circuits,Time division multiple access,antenna radiation patterns,cellular radio,directional properties,directive antennas,mobile antennas,mobile hand-held terminals,mobile handsets,multi-band internal antenna,multifrequency antennas,triple-band internal antenna,uniform radiation pattern},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {32--35 vol.2},
title = {{A triple-band internal antenna for mobile hand-held terminals}},
volume = {2},
year = {2002}
}
@article{4473356,
abstract = {A simple planar inverted F antenna (PIFA)-based tunable internal antenna is proposed for personal communication handset applications. The antenna can covers following frequency bands: DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1880-1990 MHz), UMTS (1900-2170 MHz), WiBro (2300-2390 MHz), WLAN (5.2 and 5.8 GHz), Bluetooth (2400-2480 MHz), and ISM band (2500-2700 MHz). Varactor diode is used to get tuning over the wide frequency range. Overall size of the antenna is 19.5 mm times 9.5 mm times 4 mm (0.741 cm3) makes it suitable for 4 G handsets and can be easily integrated inside commercial mobile handsets. The antenna was designed and optimized by using CST microwave studio program. Measured return losses (S11) and radiation patterns of the antenna were carried on Anritsu 37377C vector network analyzer and in standard anechoic chamber room. Return loss of the antenna is within acceptable limit with reasonable radiation performance.},
author = {Nguyen, Viet-Anh and Bhatti, R.-A. and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2008.921332},
file = {:A Simple PIFA-Based Tunable Internal Antenna for Personal Communication Handsets.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {4G handset,4G mobile communication,CST microwave studio program,Multiband antenna,PIFA,PIFA-based tunable internal antenna,antenna radiation pattern,antenna radiation patterns,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multi-band antenna,personal communication handset,personal communication networks,planar inverted F antenna,planar inverted F antenna (PIFA),planar inverted-F antennas,slot antenna,standard anechoic chamber room,tunable antenna,varactor diode,varactors,vector network analyzer},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {130--133},
title = {{A Simple PIFA-Based Tunable Internal Antenna for Personal Communication Handsets}},
volume = {7},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{4057947,
abstract = {A compact quad-band internal antenna for 3G mobile phone is presented. A novel technique which can control low/high resonant frequencies of the multi-band antenna independently is employed for easy optimization of the antenna characteristics over all frequency bands. The designed single plate antenna consists of a planar antenna with U-shaped slot for high band and a vertically attached spiral monopole antenna for low band and its size is 38.0 times 9.0 times 6.0 mm3 (2.052 cc). The measured bandwidth for S11 less than -6dB covers GSM900 (880-960 MHz), DCS1800 (1710-1880 MHz), DCS1900 (1850-1990 MHz), and UMTS (1920-2170 MHz)},
author = {Lee, Ho-Seon and Lee, Kyung-Hak and Han, Min-Seok and Lee, Jeong-Kwan and Yoon, Jung-Ho and Kim, Hong-Teuk},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference, 2006. 36th European},
doi = {10.1109/EUMC.2006.281048},
file = {:A Quad-Band Internal Antenna Having Independent Controllability of Low,High Resonant Frequencies.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1710 to 1880 MHz,1850 to 1990 MHz,1920 to 2170 MHz,38.0 times 9.0 times 6.0 mm,3G mobile communication,3G mobile phone,880 to 960 MHz,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Controllability,DCS1800,DCS1900,GSM900,Mobile antenna,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Planar arrays,Planar inverted-F antenna,Quad-band antennas,Resonant frequency,Slot antennas,Spirals,U-shaped slot,UMTS,cellular radio,mobile antenna,mobile antennas,multiband antenna,multifrequency antennas,planar antenna,planar inverted-F antennas,planar inverted-f antenna,quad-band internal antenna,resonant frequency control,single plate antenna,spiral monopole antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {831--834},
title = {{A Quad-Band Internal Antenna Having Independent Controllability of Low/High Resonant Frequencies}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{110287,
abstract = {A novel internal antenna for hand-held mobile communications is presented. Topics covered include antenna bandwidth, description of the radiation-coupled dual-L antenna, the CAD system for wire-grid modeling, bandwidth, impedance, the shielding case, and the radiation pattern. This radiation-coupled dual-L antenna radiates isotropically, and offers a number of design options for impedance matching. Compared with an inverted-F antenna of equal height, its bandwidth is higher by at least 50\%. Numerically calculated results based on a wire-grid model of this antenna agree well with measurement of bandwidth, input impedance, and radiation patterns. A major advantage of this antenna is its enhanced bandwidth without external matching networks in a small occupied volume},
author = {Rasinger, J and Scholtz, A and Pichler, W and Bonek, E},
booktitle = {Vehicular Technology Conference, 1990 IEEE 40th},
doi = {10.1109/VETEC.1990.110287},
file = {:A new enhanced-bandwidth internal antenna for portable communication systems.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1090-3038},
keywords = {Antenna feeds,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,CAD,CAD system,Frequency,Impedance matching,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Resonance,Senior members,Telephony,antenna bandwidth,antenna radiation patterns,enhanced-bandwidth internal antenna,hand-held mobile communications,impedance,impedance matching,internal antenna,mobile antennas,mobile communication systems,portable communication systems,radiation pattern,radiation-coupled dual-L antenna,shielding case,telecommunications computing,wire-grid modeling},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {7--12},
title = {{A new enhanced-bandwidth internal antenna for portable communication systems}},
year = {1990}
}
@article{4273563,
abstract = {This letter presents a novel compact internal antenna of the planar inverted F-antenna type. The proposed antenna, with the small size of 19 times 10 times5 mm3 , can be easily placed in practical handsets. The return loss and radiation patterns from the proposed antenna are presented. The measured bandwidth of the proposed antenna (S11 < -9 dB) can cover 610 MHz (1600-2210 MHz) in the lower band and 1170 MHz (4960-6130 MHz) in the upper band. These operating frequencies are very attractive features for DCS/PCS/IMT-2000/UMTS/ISM/WLAN bands handset applications. Numerical simulation and experiment results of the proposed antenna are investigated.},
author = {Yoon, Hyeong-Sik and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2007.900958},
file = {:A New Compact Hexaband Internal Antenna of the Planar Inverted F-Type for Mobile Handsets.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Antenna radiation patterns,Bandwidth,Distributed control,Frequency,Internal antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Personal communication networks,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,antenna radiation patterns,compact hexaband internal antenna,frequency 1170 MHz,frequency 610 MHz,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multiband antennas,planar inverted F-type antenna,planar inverted-F antennas,radiation pattern,radiation patterns,wide-band},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {336--339},
title = {{A New Compact Hexaband Internal Antenna of the Planar Inverted F-Type for Mobile Handsets}},
volume = {6},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4619831,
abstract = {Modern wireless devices such as mobile phones have been made more compact and low profile, which drives usage of internal antennas. But radiation performance of an internal antenna often degrades a lot when the human body, such as a head and a hand are positioned against the device. In this paper, internal antenna topologies for mobile phones are discussed. Specifically, a candy bar (PDA) type of phone model is used to carry out the study. The bands to be covered are CELL band (824 MHz - 894 MHz) and PCS band (1850 MHz - 1990 MHz). In this study, the radiation performance of a single dual band antenna approach and a combination of two separate single band antennas are compared. The separate antenna topology has demonstrated better antenna efficiency in human head and hand environment. In addition, a parasitic resonator is added to improve the hand grip performance of the PCS band PIFA. Discussion has been made in the end on when this topology can be used and the tradeoff of using this resonator in an active phone.},
author = {Lu, Dai},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. AP-S 2008. IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2008.4619831},
file = {:A mobile antenna study of radiation efficiency in human head and hand environment.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Absorption,Degradation,Dual band,Frequency,Humans,Microstrip antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PDA,Personal communication networks,Topology,UHF antennas,UHF radio propagation,candy bar phones,dielectric resonator antennas,dual band antennas,frequency 1850 MHz to 1990 MHz,frequency 824 MHz to 894 MHz,human hand environment,human head environment,internal antenna topologies,microwave antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phones,notebook computers,parasitic resonators,radiation efficiency,separate antenna topology,single band antennas},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{A mobile antenna study of radiation efficiency in human head and hand environment}},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{1606386,
abstract = {This paper suggests a miniature wideband internal antenna with dual resonant structures for operating at multi-band handset applications. It consists of two radiation monopole elements with parallel connection in the limited handset interior space. The proposed antenna can be easily placed in practical handsets because of the small size of 20 ?17 ?3.5 mm3. The measured bandwidth of the proposed antenna shows about 1 GHz from 1.71 GHz (DCS band) to 2.71 GHz (Bluetooth band) with VSWR below 2. It also resonates at GPS band of 1.57542 GHz. The electrical and structural characteristics of the proposed antenna make it attractive for use in mobile handset applications.},
author = {Cho, Young Jun and Shin, Yong Sun and Hwang, Soon Ho and Kim, Ki Hak and Park, Seong-Ook},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference Proceedings, 2005. APMC 2005. Asia-Pacific Conference Proceedings},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2005.1606386},
file = {:A miniature wideband internal antenna with dual resonant structures.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1.71 to 2.71 GHz,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Bluetooth,Bluetooth band,Broadband antennas,DCS band,Distributed control,GPS band,Global Positioning System,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Resonance,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,VSWR,antenna radiation patterns,broadband antennas,dual resonant structures,limited handset interior space,miniature wideband internal antenna,mobile handset,mobile handsets,multi-band handset,radiation monopole elements},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {3 pp.--},
title = {{A miniature wideband internal antenna with dual resonant structures}},
volume = {2},
year = {2005}
}
@article{1545813,
abstract = {This letter proposes a compact internal antenna of the modified planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) type with a parasitic patch. It also considers the influences of the handset case and battery. A low-profile design is implemented on both the top and bottom sides of the FR-4 substrate. The proposed antenna, with the small size of 27.5?2? mm3, can be easily placed in the actual handset. The measured bandwidths of the proposed antenna with handset case and battery ( VSWR<2 ) can cover 140 MHz (1740-1880 MHz) in the Korean personal communication service (KPCS) band and 90 MHz (2400-2490 MHz) in the Bluetooth band. Numerical simulation and experiment results of antenna electrical performance are investigated by considering the antenna, the phone case, and the battery.},
author = {Cho, Young Jun and Hwang, Soon Ho and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2005.859388},
file = {:A dual-band internal antenna with a parasitic patch for mobile handsets and the consideration of the handset case and battery.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {140 MHz,1740 to 1880 MHz,2400 to 2490 MHz,90 MHz,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Battery,Battery charge measurement,Bluetooth,Dual band,Korean personal communication service,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Numerical simulation,Personal communication networks,Telephone sets,dual-band antennas,dual-band internal antenna,handset battery,handset case,internal antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,parasitic patch,planar inverted F antenna,planar inverted-F antennas,side coating},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {429--432},
title = {{A dual-band internal antenna with a parasitic patch for mobile handsets and the consideration of the handset case and battery}},
volume = {4},
year = {2005}
}
@inproceedings{4395581,
abstract = {In this paper, a novel internal antenna of the planar inverted-F antenna type for mobile handsets is presented (Manteuffel et al., 2001). The proposed antenna operates at Bluetooth (2400-2483.5 MHz) bands and WLAN (2400-2483.5 MHz, 5150- 5875 MHz) bands. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna (VSWR < 2) shows 170 MHz in lower band and 1650 MHz in upper band. The proposed antenna can be applicable to practical mobile handsets because of its small size and low profile (Wang et al., 2001). The experimental result of the proposed antenna is compared with the simulation result to evaluate our proposed antenna design.},
author = {Yoon, H S and Park, S.-O.},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2007.4395581},
file = {:A dual-band internal antenna of PIFA type for bluetooth,WLAN in mobile handsets.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Antenna measurements,Antenna radiation patterns,Antennas and propagation,Bandwidth,Bluetooth,Dual band,Feeds,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PIFA type,UHF antennas,WLAN,Wireless LAN,dual-band internal antenna,frequency 2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz,frequency 5150 MHz to 5875 MHz,microwave antennas,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile radio,multifrequency antennas,planar inverted-F antenna type,planar inverted-F antennas,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {665--668},
title = {{A dual-band internal antenna of PIFA type for bluetooth/WLAN in mobile handsets}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4429714,
abstract = {In this paper, we propose the antenna which has a wideband operation (GSM850, EGSM, DCS1800, USPCS, WCDMA). This antenna is designed by using a meander branch structure which has via and lines on FR-4(epsivr=4.4) PCB. The antenna was designed by the commercial software HFSS 3-D EM simulator. The designed antennas are manufactured by PCB processing, and measured by using the network analyzer and test chamber. The antennas with the dimension of 8 mm width, 20 mm height and 3.2 mm thickness, are applied on the internal antenna for wideband cell phones. Its size was minimized so that it can be mounted inside of a cellphone.},
author = {Kim, M and Park, Sanguk and Kang, Nadan and Kim, Hyeongdong},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference, 2006. APMC 2006. Asia-Pacific},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2006.4429714},
file = {:A design of wide band small chip antenna using the branch structure for mobile phone.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Broadband antennas,Cellular phones,DCS1800,EGSM,GSM850,Manufacturing processes,Microwave antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Multiaccess communication,Resonance,Shape measurement,USPCS,WCDMA,broadband antennas,chip antenna,code division multiple access,internal antenna,meander branch structure,mobile handsets,mobile phone,network analyzer,test chamber,wide band small chip antenna,wideband antenna,wideband cell phones},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1604--1610},
title = {{A design of wide band small chip antenna using the branch structure for mobile phone}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{4429740,
abstract = {In this paper, we propose a dual wide band chip internal antenna which can be applied to actual portable phones. The size of this antenna is 8times3.2times20(mm3). The minimization of this antenna was realized by using meander line structure and spiral line structure on FR-4 of dielectric permittivity epsivr= 4.4. We can get the wide-bandwidth in the upper band by overlapping high order resonances. The operation frequency of the proposed antenna includes the EGSM/GPS/DCS/USPCS/WCDMA bands for mobile communication systems. The measured bandwidth is 110 MHz (940-1050 MHz) in the low frequency range and 710 MHz (1740-2450 MHz) in the high frequency range. The proposed antenna is SMD type to be easily installed in the practical mobile handset. Also we use PCB technology which can allow mass production of low-cost. The antenna has been designed with HFSS of Ansoft company.},
author = {Choi, Hyengcheul and Shin, Dongsoo and Kim, M and Kim, Hyeongdong},
booktitle = {Microwave Conference, 2006. APMC 2006. Asia-Pacific},
doi = {10.1109/APMC.2006.4429740},
file = {:A design of miniaturized built-in penta band chip antenna for EGSM GPS DCS USPCS WCDMA Mobile Handset.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Broadband antennas,Chip antenna,DCS,Dielectrics,Distributed control,EGSM,Frequency,GPS,Global Positioning System,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,Multiaccess communication,Permittivity,Spirals,USPCS,WCDMA,bandwidth 110 MHz,bandwidth 710 MHz,branch structure,dielectric permittivity,dual wide band chip internal antenna,meander line structure,miniaturized built-in penta band chip antenna,mobile antennas,mobile communication systems,mobile handset,mobile handsets,multifrequency antennas,penta-band,spiral line structure,wide-bandwidth},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1718--1721},
title = {{A design of miniaturized built-in penta band chip antenna for EGSM/GPS/DCS/USPCS/WCDMA Mobile Handset}},
year = {2006}
}
@inproceedings{1276688,
abstract = {In this paper a novel wideband internal antenna for Korean-PCS (KPCS)/IMT-2000 dual-band applications is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of two layers connected with via hole through small chip substrate. And it has the impedance bandwidth of 21.4\% at VSWR 2.0:1 an omni-directional radiation pattern with maximum gain 0.5 dBi.},
author = {Yim, Dae-Sik and Park, Jung-Min and Park, Seong-Ook},
booktitle = {Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 6th International SYmposium on},
doi = {10.1109/ISAPE.2003.1276688},
file = {:A design of an antenna for KPCS IMT-2000 dual-band applications.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Broadband antennas,Dielectric measurements,Dielectric resonator antennas,Dielectric substrates,Dual band,Helical antennas,Impedance,KPCS/IMT-2000 dual-band applications,Telephone sets,antenna radiation patterns,multifrequency antennas,omnidirectional radiation pattern,wideband internal antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {303--306},
title = {{A design of an antenna for KPCS/IMT-2000 dual-band applications}},
year = {2003}
}
@article{4523942,
abstract = {A novel compact wideband planar diversity antenna for mobile terminals is proposed. It has a -10 dB impedance bandwidth from 1.904-2.504 GHz including UMTS (1.920-2.170 GHz) and 2.4 GHz WLAN (2.400-2.484 GHz) bands. The mutual coupling of the diversity antenna is below -15 dB in the whole band (about -20 dB in most of the band). The diversity performance is also evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient and the diversity gain. The user's hand effects on both the bandwidth and the mutual coupling have been analyzed by simulation with a simple hand model and measurement.},
author = {Wang, Xuan and Du, Zhengwei and Gong, Ke},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2008.2000664},
file = {:A Compact Wideband Planar Diversity Antenna Covering UMTS and 2.4 GHz WLAN Bands.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {3G mobile communication,Diversity antenna,UMTS,WLAN,bandwidth 1.904 GHz to 2.504 GHz,broadband antennas,compact wideband planar diversity antenna,mobile terminals,planar antennas,user's hand effects,wideband,wireless LAN},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {588--591},
title = {{A Compact Wideband Planar Diversity Antenna Covering UMTS and 2.4 GHz WLAN Bands}},
volume = {7},
year = {2008}
}
@article{4564188,
abstract = {This letter presents a compact tunable internal planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) for personal communication handset applications. The antenna operates at following frequency bands: DCS, PCS, UMTS, WiBro, WiMax and/or WiBro phase 3, and WLAN. A single varactor diode is attached to the antenna in a proper location between the main patch and supplemental patch in order to get tuning over the wide frequency range around 2 GHz. The antenna was designed and optimized by using CST microwave studio program. Measured return losses (S11) and radiation patterns of the antenna were carried on Anritsu 37377C Vector Network Analyzer and in standard anechoic chamber room. The surface current distributions, the co-polarization and cross-polarization patterns of the antenna are given to demonstrate the antenna's performance.},
author = {Nguyen, Viet-Anh and Dao, Manh-Tuan and Lim, Yun Tack and Park, Seong-Ook},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2008.2001918},
file = {:A Compact Tunable Internal Antenna for Personal Communication Handsets.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {Anritsu 37377C Vector Network Analyzer,CST microwave studio program,DCS,Internal planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA),PCS,UMTS,WLAN,WiBro,WiBro phase 3,WiMax,anechoic chamber room,anechoic chambers (electromagnetic),antenna radiation patterns,co-polarization pattern,compact tunable internal planar inverted-F antenna,cross-polarization patterns,electromagnetic wave polarisation,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,multiband antenna,personal communication handsets,personal communication networks,planar inverted-F antennas,radiation patterns,slot antenna,surface current distributions,tunable antenna,varactor diode},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {569--572},
title = {{A Compact Tunable Internal Antenna for Personal Communication Handsets}},
volume = {7},
year = {2008}
}
@inproceedings{4396587,
abstract = {The development of compact antennas plays an important role in rapidly growing mobile communication market. This paper presents a novel design technique of the quad-band small internal antenna which covers GSM-900/DCS-1800/PCS-1900/IMT-2000 bands. The handset antenna is developed within the limits of a 44times25times4 mm3 volume. This proposed antenna describes a new idea of increasing operational bandwidth for the compact planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). The proposed idea introduces the open-end slots in the ground plane almost all under the radiating patch. The size reduction method is attractive from the point of view of practical antenna implementation.},
author = {Lin, Ding-Bing and Tang, I-Tseng and Hong, Ming-Zhang and Lin, Hsin-Piao},
booktitle = {Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE},
doi = {10.1109/APS.2007.4396587},
file = {:A compact quad-band PIFA by using defected ground structure.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Bandwidth,Broadband antennas,Frequency,GSM,Impedance,Mobile antennas,Mobile communication,Reflection,Slot antennas,Telephone sets,compact antennas,compact planar inverted F antenna,compact quad-band PIFA,defected ground structure,handset antenna,mobile handsets,planar inverted-F antennas,quad-band small internal antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {4677--4680},
title = {{A compact quad-band PIFA by using defected ground structure}},
year = {2007}
}
@inproceedings{4809602,
abstract = {A multiband internal antenna that operates over WiBro, WLAN, WiMax, and S-DMB frequency bands is proposed. The antenna consists of two-pronged element and two stubs. The measured return loss of the designed antenna over the frequency band of interest was greater than 10 dB. Good return loss and radiation pattern characteristics were obtained in the desired frequency band.},
author = {Yu, Yeonsik and Lee, Youngki and Lee, Soonyong and Choi, Jaehoon},
booktitle = {Advanced Communication Technology, 2009. ICACT 2009. 11th International Conference on},
file = {:A compact internal antenna for wireless USB dongle application.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1738-9445},
keywords = {Antenna feeds,Antenna measurements,Application software,Bandwidth,Frequency conversion,Frequency measurement,Resonant frequency,S-DMB,USB dongle application,Universal Serial Bus,WiBro,WiMAX,WiMax,Wireless LAN,antenna radiation pattern,antenna radiation patterns,compact internal antenna,internal antenna,mobile antennas,peripheral interfaces,wireless LAN,wireless USB dongle},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {1084--1086},
title = {{A compact internal antenna for wireless USB dongle application}},
volume = {02},
year = {2009}
}
@article{1395840,
abstract = {A novel internal antenna of planar monopole type is presented for broadband applications. The proposed antenna fed by a 50-$\Omega$ microstrip line covers the digital cordless system (DCS, 1710-1880 MHz), personal communication system (PCS, 1750-1870 MHz), and international mobile telecommunication (IMT-2000, 1885-2200 MHz) bands within S11<-10 dB. The antenna occupies a compact volume of 20?7?.7 mm3 and it is suitable to be built-in within the housing of a mobile phone. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna (VSWR<2) has 740 MHz starting from 1620 to 2360 MHz. The IE3D software and microwave studio (MWS) simulation are employed for optimizing the design parameters, and the simulation results are in agreement with those of the measured one, considering each associated case of the antenna itself, phone case, and battery.},
author = {Shin, Yong-Sun and Park, Seong-Ook and Lee, Manjai},
doi = {10.1109/LAWP.2004.841623},
file = {:A broadband interior antenna of planar monopole type in handsets.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1536-1225},
journal = {Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE},
keywords = {1620 to 2360 MHz,3G mobile communication,Antenna measurements,Bandwidth,Broadband,Broadband antennas,DCS,Design optimization,Distributed control,IE3D software simulation,IMT-2000,MWS,Microstrip antennas,Mobile antennas,Mobile handsets,PCS,Personal communication networks,Telephone sets,UHF antennas,antenna feeds,broadband antennas,broadband application,digital cordless system,interior antenna,international mobile telecommunication,microstrip antennas,microstrip line,microstrip lines,microwave studio simulation,mobile antenna,mobile antennas,mobile handsets,mobile phone,monopole antennas,personal communication networks,personal communication system,planar monopole,planar monopole antenna},
mendeley-groups = {Ztmp/OKdone},
pages = {9--12},
title = {{A broadband interior antenna of planar monopole type in handsets}},
volume = {4},
year = {2005}
} |
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