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Fetch-Criticality Reduction Through Control Independence.pdf
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abstract
Architectures that exploit control independence (CI)
promise to remove in-order fetch bottlenecks, like branch
mispredicts, instruction-cache misses and fetch unit stalls,
from the critical path of single-threaded execution. By ex-
posing more fetch options, however, CI architectures also
expose more performance tradeoffs. These tradeoffs make
it hard to design policies that deliver good performance.
This paper presents a criticality-based model for reason-
ing about CI architectures, and uses that model to describe
the tradeoffs between gains from control independence ver-
sus increased costs of honoring data dependences. The
model is then used to derive the design of a criticality-aware
task selection policy that strikes the right balance between
fetch-criticality and execute-criticality. Finally, the paper
validates the model by attacking branch-misprediction in-
duced fetch-criticality through the above derived spawn
policy. This leads to as high as 100% improvements in per-
formance, and in the region of 40% or more improvements
for four of the benchmarks where this is the main problem.
Criticality analysis shows that this improvement arises due
to reduced fetch-criticality. |
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