A CMOS Low Pass Filter for SoC Lock-in-Based Measurement Devices by Jorge Pérez-Bailón
This paper presents a fully integrated Gm–C low pass filter (LPF) based on a current steering Gm reduction-tuning technique, specifically designed to operate as the output stage of a SoC lock-in amplifier. To validate this proposal, a first-order and a second-order single-ended topology were integrated into a 1.8 V to 0.18 µm CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) process,
showing experimentally a tuneable cutoff frequency that spanned five orders of magnitude, from tens of mHz to kHz,
with a constant current consumption (below 3 µA/pole), compact size (<0.0140 mm2/pole), and a dynamic range better than 70 dB