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ANALOG AND DIGITAL FILTER DESIGN (Second Edition)-Steve Winder
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CHAPTER1 Introduction
Fundamentals
Why Use Filters?
What Are Signals?
Decibels
The Transfer Function
Filter Terminology
Frequency Response
Phase Response
Analog Filters
The Path to Analog Filter Design
Digital Filters
Signal Processing for the Digital World
The "Brick Wall" Filter
Digital Filter Types
The Path to Digital Filter Design
Exercises
CHAPTER2 Time and Frequency Response
Filter Requirements
The Time Domain
Analog Filter Normalization
Normalized Lowpass Responses
Bessel Response
Bessel Normalized Lowpass Filter Component Values
Butterworth Response
Butterworth Normalized Lowpass Component Values
Normalized Component Values for RL >> RS or RL << RS
Normalized Component Values for Source and Load
Impedances within a Factor of Ten
Chebyshev Response
Normalized Component Values
Equal Load Normalized Component Value Tables
Normalized Element Values for Filters with RS = 0 or RS = 无穷
Inverse Chebyshev Response
Component Values Normalized for 1 Rad/s Stopband
Normalized 3dB Cutoff Frequencies and Passive Component Values
Cauer Response
Passive Cauer Filters
Normalized Cauer Component Values
The Cutoff Frequency
References
Exercises
CHAPTER3 Poles and Zeroes
Frequency and Time Domain Relationship
The S-Plane
Frequency Response and the S-Plane
Impulse Response and the S-Plane
The Laplace Transform-Converting between Time and Frequency Domains
First-Order Filters
Pole and Zero Locations
Butterworth Poles
Bessel Poles
Chebyshev Pole Locations
Inverse Chebyshev Pole and Zero Locations
Inverse Chebyshev Zero Locations
Cauer Pole and Zero Locations
Cauer Pole Zero Plot
References
Exercises
CHAPTER4 Analog Lowpass Filters
Passive Filters
Formulae for Passive Lowpass Filter Denormalization
Denormalizing Passive Filters with Resonant Elements
Mains Filter Design
Active Lowpass Filters
First-Order Filter Section
Sallen and Key Lowpass Filter
Denormalizing Sallen and Key Filter Designs
State Variable Lowpass Filters
Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters
Denormalizing State Variable or Biquad Designs
Frequency Dependent Negative Resistance (FDNR) Filters
Denormalization of FDNR Filters
References
Exercises
CHAPTER5 Highpass Filters
Passive Filters
Formulae for Passive Highpass Filter Denormalization
Highpass Filters with Transmission Zeroes
Active Highpass Filters
First-Order Filter Section
Sallen and Key Highpass Filter
Using Lowpass Pole to Find Component Values
Using Highpass Poles to Find Component Values
Operational Amplifier Requirements
Denormalizing Sallen and Key or First-Order Designs
State Variable Highpass Filters
Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters
Denormalizing State Variable or Biquad Designs
Gyrator Filters
Reference
Exercises
CHAPTER6 Bandpass Filters
Lowpass to Bandpass Transformation
Passive Filters
Formula for Passive Bandpass Filter Denormalization
Passive Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Bandpass Filters
Active Bandpass Filters
Bandpass Poles and Zeroes
Bandpass Filter Midband Gain
Multiple Feedback Bandpass Filter
Denormalizing MFBP Active Filter Designs
Dual Amplifier Bandpass (DABP) Filter
Denormalizing DABP Active Filter Designs
State Variable Bandpass Filters
Denormalization of State Variable Design
Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters
Denormalizing Biquad Designs
Reference
Exercises
CHAPTER7 Bandstop Filters
Passive Filters
Formula for Passive Bandstop Filter Denormalization
Passive Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Bandstop Filters
Active Bandstop Filters
Bandstop Poles and Zeroes
The Twin Tee Bandstop Filter
Denormalization of Twin Tee Notch Filter
Bandstop Using Multiple Feedback Bandpass Section
Denormalization of Bandstop Design Using MFBP Section
Bandstop Using Dual Amplifier Bandpass (DABP) Section
Denormalization of Bandstop Design Using DABP Section
State Variable Bandstop Filters
Denormalization of Bandstop State Variable Filter Section
Cauer and Inverse Chebyshev Active Filters
Denormalization of Bandstop Biquad Filter Section
References
Exercises
CHAPTER8 Impedance Matching Networks
Power Splitters and Diplexer Filters
Power Splitters and Combiners
Designing a Diplexer
Impedance Matching Networks
Series and Parallel Circuit Relationships
Matching Using L, T, and PI Networks
Component Values for L Networks
Component Values for PI and T Networks
Bandpass Matching into a Single Reactance Load
Simple Networks and VSWR
VSWR of L Matching Network (Type A)
VSWR of L Matching Network (Type B)
VSWR of T Matching Networks
VSWR of PI Matching Networks
Exercises
CHAPTER 9 Phase-Shift Networks (All-Pass Filters)
Phase Equalizing All-Pass Filters
Introduction to the Problem
Detailed Analysis
The Solution: All-Pass Networks
Passive First-Order Equalizers
Passive Second-Order Equalizers
Active First-Order Equalizers
Active Second-Order Equalizers
Equalization of Butterworth and Chebyshev Filters
Group Delay of Butterworth Filters
Equalization of Chebyshev Filters
Chebyshev Group Delay
Quadrature Networks and Single Sideband Generation
References
Exercises
CHAPTER 10 Selecting Components for Analog Filters
Capacitors
Inductors
Resistors
The Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
Surface-Mount PCBs
Assembly and Test
Operational Amplifiers
Measurements on Filters
Reference
Exercises
CHAPTER 11 Filter Design Software
Filter Design Programs
Supplied Software
Active-F
Filter2
Ellipse
Diplexer
Match2A
References
CHAPTER 12 Transmission Lines and Printed Circuit Boards as Filters
Transmission Lines as Filters
Open-circuit Line
Short-circuit Line
Use of Misterminated Lines
Printed Circuits as Filters
Bandpass Filters
References
Exercises
CHAPTER 13 Filters for Phase-locked loops
Loop Filters
Higher-Order Loops
Analog versus Digital Phase-Locked Loop
Practical Digital Phase-Locked Loop
Phase Noise
Capture and Lock Range
Reference
CHAPTER 14 Filter Integrated Circuits
Continuous Time Filters
Integrated Circuit Filter UAF42
Integrated Circuit Filter MAX274
Integrated Circuit Filter MAX275
Integrated Circuit Filter MAX270lMAX271
Switched Capacitor Filters
Switched Capacitor Filter IC LT1066-1
Microprocessor Programmable ICs MAX260IMAX261 /MAX262
Pin Programmable ICs MAX263/MAX264/MAX267/MAX268
Other Switched Capacitor Filters
An Application of Switched Capacitor Filters
Resistor Value Calculations
Synthesizer Filtering
Reference
CHAPTE15 Introduction to Digital Filters
Analog-to-Digital Conversion
Under-Sampling
Over-Sampling
Decimation
Interpolation
Digital Filtering
Digital Lowpass Filters
Truncation (Applied to FIR Filters)
Transforming the Lowpass Response
Bandpass FIR Filter
Highpass FIR Filter
Bandstop FIR Filter
DSP Implementation of an FIR Filter
Introduction to the Infinite Response Filter
DSP Mathematics
Binary and Hexadecimal
Two's Complement
Adding Two's Complement Numbers
Subtracting Two's Complement Numbers
Multiplication
Division
Signal Handling
So, Why Use a Digital Filter?
Reference
Exercises
CHAPTER 16 Digital FIR Filter Design
Frequency versus Time-Domain Responses
Denormalized Lowpass Response Coefficients
Denormalized Highpass Response Coefficients
Denormalized Bandpass Response Coefficients
Denormalized Bandstop Response Coefficients
Widows
Fourier Method of FIR Filter Design
Window Types
Summary of Fixed FIR Windows
Number of Taps Needed by Fixed Window Functions
FIR Filter Design Using the Remez Exchange Algorithm
Number of Taps Needed by Variable Window Functions
FIR Filter Coefficient Calculation
A Data-Sampling Rate-Changer
References
CHAPTE 17 IIR Filter Design
Bilinear Transformation
Pre-Warping
Denormalization
Lowpass Filter Design
Highpass Frequency Scaling
Bandpass Frequency Scaling
Bandstop Frequency Scaling
IIR Filter Stability
Reference
Appendix Design Equations
Bessel Transfer Function
Butterworth Filter Attenuation
Butterworth Transfer Function
Butterworth Phase
Nonstandard Butterworth Passband
Normalized Component Values for Butterworth Filter with
Normalized Component Values for Butterworth Filter:
Chebyshev Filter Response
Equations to Find Chebyshev Element Values RL>>RS or RL<<RS
Source and Load Impedances within a Factor of Ten
Chebyshev with Zero or Infinite Impedance Load
Chebyshev Filter with Source and Load Impedances
Load Impedance for Even-Order Chebyshev Filters
Inverse Chebyshev Filter Equations within a Factor of Ten
Elliptic or Cauer Filter Equations
Noise Bandwidth
Butterworth Noise Bandwidth
Chebyshev Noise Bandwidth
Pole and Zero Location Equations
Butterworth Pole Locations
Chebyshev Pole Locations
Inverse Chebyshev Pole and Zero Locations
Inverse Chebyshev Zeroes
Cauer Pole and Zero Locations
Scaling Pole and Zero Locations
Finding FIR Filter Zero Coefficient Using L'Hopital's Rule
Digital Filter Equations
Appendix References |
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