For avoiding the situation of overdriving the quantizer, the input signal is set to be -0.5dBFS or -1dBFS. Whether it is 1 dB or 0.5 dB below full scale, it is done so as to prevent clipping of the signal if one were to run the ADC inputs at full-scale (0 dBFS)
As we know 0dBFS input amplitude is equal to full scale.
-0.5dBFS is about 94.4 % of full scale.
-1dBFS is about 89.1% of full scale.