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 发表于 2007-2-15 13:01:53
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Cool Cool Cool|  CONTENTS Preface ix
 1 Introduction 1
 1.1 Focus of the Book 1
 1.2 Structure of the Book 6
 2 Communication Models 11
 2.1 Introduction 11
 2.2 Models of Communication Systems 12
 2.3 Models of Scholarly Journals 14
 2.4 Models of Information Seeking 22
 3 A Communications Framework for Engineers 27
 3.1 Introduction 27
 3.2 Time Engineers Spend Communicating 29
 3.3 Engineers’ Communication Channels 31
 3.4 Factors Affecting Engineers’ Communication 35
 Choices
 v
 4 The Engineering Profession and Communication 37
 4.1 The Engineering Profession 37
 4.2 How Industry and Government Engineers Spend 38
 Their Time
 4.3 The Importance of Information Resources to 38
 Engineers’ Work
 4.4 The Value of Reading 41
 4.5 The Impact of Information on Innovation 44
 4.6 Organizing Information for Better Use in 46
 the Workplace
 4.7 Engineers’ Adaptation to Information Innovations 52
 5 Engineers’ Information Seeking and Use 57
 5.1 Introduction 57
 5.2 Engineers’ Channels for Information Seeking 58
 and Use
 5.3 Resources Used by Engineers for Information 63
 Seeking
 6 Factors Affecting Information Seeking and Use 71
 6.1 Introduction 71
 6.2 Effects of Geographic and Cultural Differences 72
 on Information Seeking and Use
 6.3 Effects of the Nature of Work on Information 74
 Seeking and Use
 6.4 Effects of Organization Policies on Information 83
 Seeking and Use
 6.5 Effects of Personal Characteristics on Information 85
 Seeking and Use
 7 Information Output by Engineers 89
 7.1 Introduction 89
 7.2 Channels Engineers Use to Communicate 91
 Information Output
 7.3 Resources and Tools Engineers Use for 94
 Communicating Information Output
 7.4 Communicating the Written Word 95
 8 Engineering Education and Communication Skills 99
 8.1 Introduction 99
 vi CONTENTS
 8.2 Improving Engineers’ Communication Skills 100
 8.3 Improving the Use of Communication Channels 108
 and Sources
 9 The Engineering Scholarly Journal Channel 113
 9.1 Introduction 113
 9.2 Engineering and Science Journal 114
 Characteristics: 1977, 1995, and 2001
 9.3 Engineers’ and Scientists’ Authorship and 117
 Reading of Scholarly Journals
 9.4 Changes in Information-Seeking and Reading 126
 Patterns Following Electronic Journals
 10 Engineers’ Journal Information-Seeking and 133
 Reading Patterns in an Emerging Electronic Era
 10.1 Introduction 133
 10.2 Use, Usefulness, and Value of Articles to 135
 Engineers
 10.3 Where Engineers Get the Articles They Read 139
 10.4 Format of Articles Read 140
 10.5 How Engineers Learn About the Articles 141
 They Read
 10.6 Age of Articles Read 143
 10.7 Factors That Affect Use 144
 11 Engineering Communication Patterns Compared 149
 with Science and Medicine
 11.1 Introduction 149
 11.2 Professions of Engineering, Science, and 151
 Medicine
 11.3 Communication Channels Used by Engineers, 155
 Scientists, and Medical Professionals
 11.4 Resources and Tools Used by Engineers, 158
 Scientists, and MedicalProfessionals
 12 The NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion 163
 Research Project
 12.1 Introduction 163
 12.2 Focus on Commercial Aircraft Manufacturing in 164
 the United States
 CONTENTS vii
 12.3 Communication by U.S. Aerospace Engineers 166
 and Scientists
 12.4 Other Related Work 175
 12.5 Summary 179
 13 Summary 181
 Bibliography 187
 Index 253
 About the Authors 265
 viii CONTENTS
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