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1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
1.1 Overview of Various Charge Pumps 1
1.2 Introduction to Voltage Doubler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3
1.3 Cascaded Voltage Doublers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7
2 TWO-STAGE TPMM DESIGN 11
Two-Stage TPMM Charging Circuit 12
Clock Pair Generator 15
Non-Overlapping Clock Pair Generator 16
Clock Level Shifter Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Driving Buffers Design 19
Start-Up Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20
Pumping Efficiency ofTPMM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Resistive Power Loss ofTPMM 21
Dynamic Power Loss ofTPMM 23
Pumping Efficiency ofTPMM 24
3 TWO-STAGE MPVD DESIGN 25
3.1. MPVD Charging Circuit 26
3.2. Clock Pairs Generator 29
3.3. Pumping Efficiency ofMPVD 31
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4 FREQUENCY CONVERTER DESIGN 34
4.1. Structures of the Frequency Converters 34
4.2. Mechanism ofFrequency Converters 36
4.3. Simulation Results of Frequency Converters 40
5 IMPLEMENTATION AND SIMULATION RESULTS 42
5.1. Frequency Regulator 42
5.2. Two-Stage TPMM with Frequency Regulation 43
5.2.1. Implementation ofTPMM 44
5.2.2. Simulation ofTPMM 45
5.3. Two-Stage MPVD with Frequency Regulation 50
6 TEST REPORT AND CONCLUSION 53
6.1 Test Report 53
6.2 Conclusion 58 |
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