Multi-Carrier Techniques For Broadband Wireless Communications

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《Multi-Carrier Techniques For Broadband Wireless Communications: A Signal Processing Perspectives》
【原书作者】： Man-on Pun, Michele Morelli, C. C. Jay Kuo
【译者】：
【ISBN 】： ISBN-10: 1860949460 / ISBN-13: 978-1860949463
【页数 】：272
【开本 】 ：
【出版社】 ：Imperial College Press
【出版日期】：December 10, 2007
【文件格式】：PDF
【封面附图】：

                               
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【摘要或目录】：        
Book Description
Multi-Carrier Techniques for Broadband Wireless Communications provides an accessible introduction to OFDM-based systems from a signal processing perspective. The first part presents a concise treatment of some fundamental concepts related to wireless communications and multicarrier systems, while the second offers a comprehensive survey of recent developments on a variety of critical design issues. These include synchronization techniques, channel estimation methods, adaptive resource allocation and practical schemes for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of the transmitted waveform.
Contents: Fundamentals of OFDM/OFDMA Systems; Time and Frequency Synchronization; Channel Estimation and Equalization; Joint Synchronization, Channel Estimation and Data Symbol Detection in OFDMA Uplink; Dynamic Resource Allocation; Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) Reduction.              

目录
Contents
Preface vii
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Aim of this book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Evolution of wireless communications . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.1 Pioneering era of wireless communications . . . . 4
1.2.2 First generation (1G) cellular systems . . . . . . . 5
1.2.3 Second generation (2G) cellular systems . . . . . . 6
1.2.4 Third generation (3G) cellular systems . . . . . . 7
1.2.5 Wireless local and personal area networks . . . . . 8
1.2.6 Wireless metropolitan area networks . . . . . . . . 11
1.2.7 Next generation wireless broadband systems . . . 13
1.3 Historical notes on multicarrier transmissions . . . . . . . 14
1.4 Outline of this book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2. Fundamentals of OFDM/OFDMA Systems 17
2.1 Mobile channel modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1.1 Parameters of wireless channels . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.1.2 Categorization of fading channels . . . . . . . . . 27
2.2 Conventional methods for channel fading mitigation . . . 33
2.2.1 Time-selective fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.2.2 Frequency-selective fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.3 OFDM systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.3.1 System architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.3.2 Discrete-time model of an OFDM system . . . . . 40
2.4 Spectral e±ciency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.5 Strengths and drawbacks of OFDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2.6 OFDM-based multiple-access schemes . . . . . . . . . . . 46
2.7 Channel coding and interleaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

3. Time and Frequency Synchronization 51
3.1 Sensitivity to timing and frequency errors . . . . . . . . . 52
3.1.1 Effect of timing offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.1.2 Effect of frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
3.2 Synchronization for downlink transmissions . . . . . . . . 61
3.2.1 Timing acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
3.2.2 Fine timing tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.2.3 Frequency acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
3.2.4 Frequency tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.3 Synchronization for uplink transmissions . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.3.1 Uplink signal model with synchronization errors . 78
3.3.2 Timing and frequency estimation for systems with subband CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
3.3.3 Timing and frequency estimation for systems with interleaved CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
3.3.4 Frequency estimation for systems with generalized CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
3.4 Timing and frequency o®set compensation in uplink trans-missions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
3.4.1 Timing and frequency compensation with subband CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
3.4.2 Frequency compensation through interference can- cellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3.4.3 Frequency compensation through linear multiuser detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
3.4.4 Performance of frequency correction schemes . . . 104

4. Channel Estimation and Equalization 107
4.1 Channel equalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
4.2 Pilot-aided channel estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
4.2.1 Scattered pilot patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.2.2 Pilot distances in time and frequency directions . 113
4.2.3 Pilot-aided channel estimation . . . . . . . . . . . 114
4.2.4 2D Wiener interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
4.2.5 Cascaded 1D interpolation lters . . . . . . . . . . 117
4.3 Advanced techniques for blind and semi-blind channel estimation
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.3.1 Subspace-based methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
4.3.2 EM-based channel estimation . . . . . . . . . . . 129
4.4 Performance comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

5. Joint Synchronization, Channel Estimation and Data Symbol Detection in OFDMA Uplink 135
5.1 Uncoded OFDMA uplink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
5.1.1 Signal model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
5.1.2 Iterative detection and frequency synchronization 137
5.1.3 Practical adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
5.1.4 Performance assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
5.2 Trellis-coded OFDMA uplink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
5.2.1 Signal model for coded transmissions . . . . . . . 150
5.2.2 Iterative detection and frequency synchronization with coded transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
5.2.3 Performance assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
6. Dynamic Resource Allocation 159
6.1 Resource allocation in single-user OFDM systems . . . . . 160
6.1.1 Classic water- lling principle . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
6.1.2 Rate maximization and margin maximization . . 166
6.1.3 Rate-power function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
6.1.4 Optimal power allocation and bit loading under BER constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
6.1.5 Greedy algorithm for power allocation and bit loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
6.1.6 Bit loading with uniform power allocation . . . . 173
6.1.7 Performance comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
6.1.8 Subband adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
6.1.9 Open-loop and closed-loop adaptation . . . . . . . 179
6.1.10 Signaling for modulation parameters . . . . . . . 180
6.2 Resource allocation in multiuser OFDM systems . . . . . 182
6.2.1 Multiaccess water- lling principle . . . . . . . . . 184
6.2.2 Multiuser rate maximization . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
6.2.3 Max-min multiuser rate maximization . . . . . . . 190
6.2.4 Multiuser margin maximization . . . . . . . . . . 192
6.2.5 Subcarrier assignment through average channel signal-to-noise ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
6.3 Dynamic resource allocation for MIMO-OFDMA . . . . . 197
6.4 Cross-layer design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

7. Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) Reduction 201
7.1 PAPR de nitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
7.2 Continuous-time and discrete-time PAPR . . . . . . . . . 203
7.3 Statistical properties of PAPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
7.4 Amplitude clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
7.4.1 Clipping and ltering of oversampled signals . . . 209
7.4.2 Signal-to-clipping noise ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
7.4.3 Clipping noise mitigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
7.5 Selected mapping (SLM) technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
7.6 Partial transmit sequence (PTS) technique . . . . . . . . 223
7.7 Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
7.8 Tone reservation and injection techniques . . . . . . . . . 232
7.8.1 Tone reservation (TR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
7.8.2 Tone injection (TI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
7.9 PAPR reduction for OFDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
7.9.1 SLM for OFDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
7.9.2 PTS for OFDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
7.9.3 TR for OFDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
7.10 Design of AGC unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Bibliography 243
Index 255

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